Currently, apart from Poland, Lithuania is the only country in the world where citizens have access to education in Polish from kindergarten to university. Lithuania has the following number of school facilities with the Polish language of instruction (data as of 2018):
The project of Polish autonomy in the Vilnius Region was created among the Polish minority in Lithuania in 1988, when that country was regaining its independence from the Soviet Union. This project never gained full support from the Lithuanian authorities, nor implemented from the bottom up. it was partially implemented in the form of grassroots declarations in the form of the Polish National-Territorial Country established in 1990. Various circles put forward various detailed postulates regarding the shape of this autonomy, e.g. its borders. The common point was the idea of including all communes with a majority of Polish population, as well as the equal status of the Polish language in its area. Radical, marginal environments called for the region to withdraw from Lithuania.