V602 Carinae

V602 Carinae

Location of V602 Car
Observation data
Epoch J2000.0      Equinox J2000.0 (ICRS)
Constellation Carina
Right ascension 11h 13m 29.9740s[1]
Declination −60° 05′ 28.838″[1]
Apparent magnitude (V) 8.39[2] (7.6 - 9.1[3])
Characteristics
Spectral type M3 Ia-Iab[4]
U−B color index +2.59[2]
B−V color index +2.52[2]
Variable type SRc[3]
Astrometry
Proper motion (μ) RA: −5.425[5] mas/yr
Dec.: 2.183[5] mas/yr
Parallax (π)0.4366 ± 0.0698 mas[5]
Distanceapprox. 7,000 ly
(approx. 2,300 pc)
Absolute magnitude (MV)–4.83 (variable)[6]
Details
Mass17.7[7] – 20[8] M☉
Radius1,015[8] R☉
Luminosity126,000[8] L☉
Surface gravity (log g)–0.5[8] cgs
Temperature3,400[8] K
Other designations
V602 Carinae, V602 Car, HD 97671, CD−59°3623, IRAS 11113-5949, 2MASS J11132996-6005288
Database references
SIMBADdata

V602 Carinae (V602 Car, HD 97671) is a red supergiant and variable star of spectral type M3 in the constellation Carina. It is considered to be one of largest known stars, being around 1,000 times larger than the Sun.[8]

In 2005, V602 Car was calculated to have a bolometric luminosity below 110,000 L☉ and a radius around 860 R☉ based on the assumption of an effective temperature of 3,550 K.[9] A 2015 study derived a slightly higher bolometric luminosity of 138,000+66,000
−45,000 L☉ based on the measured flux and an assumed distance, and a larger radius of 1,050±165 R☉ based on the measured angular diameter and luminosity. An effective temperature of 3,432±280 K was then calculated from the luminosity and radius.[10] A more recent measurement based on a Gaia Data Release 2 parallax of 0.4366±0.0698 mas gives a luminosity at 125,000–131,000 L☉ with a corresponding radius of 932 R☉ based on the same effective temperature derived in 2005.[11] The radius was measured again in 2024 at 1,015 R☉.[8]

V602 Car has an estimated mass loss rate of 10×10−5 M☉ per year.[8] An excess of emission at long wavelengths from this star, as well as a small amount of silicate emission, suggests that it may be enclosed by an extensive cloud of dust.[12]

A visual band light curve for V602 Carinae, plotted from AAVSO data

V602 Car is a semiregular variable star with a maximum brightness range of magnitude 7.6 - 9.1[13] and a period of 635[13] or 672[3] days. Despite the large amplitude of variation, it was only named as a variable star in 2006.[3][13]

  1. ^ a b Hog, E.; Kuzmin, A.; Bastian, U.; Fabricius, C.; Kuimov, K.; Lindegren, L.; Makarov, V. V.; Roeser, S. (1998). "The TYCHO Reference Catalogue". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 335: L65. Bibcode:1998A&A...335L..65H.
  2. ^ a b c Cite error: The named reference aaa526_A156 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  3. ^ a b c d Samus, N. N.; Durlevich, O. V.; et al. (2009). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: General Catalogue of Variable Stars (Samus+ 2007-2013)". VizieR On-line Data Catalog: B/GCVS. Originally Published in: 2009yCat....102025S. 1. Bibcode:2009yCat....102025S.
  4. ^ Keenan, Philip C.; McNeil, Raymond C. (1989). "The Perkins catalog of revised MK types for the cooler stars". Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 71: 245. Bibcode:1989ApJS...71..245K. doi:10.1086/191373. S2CID 123149047.
  5. ^ a b c Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 616. A1. arXiv:1804.09365. Bibcode:2018A&A...616A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833051. Gaia DR2 record for this source at VizieR.
  6. ^ Melnik, A. M.; Dambis, A. K. (2020). "Distance scale for high-luminosity stars in OB associations and in field with Gaia DR2. Spurious systematic motions". Astrophysics and Space Science. 365 (7): 112. arXiv:2006.14649. Bibcode:2020Ap&SS.365..112M. doi:10.1007/s10509-020-03827-0. S2CID 220128144.
  7. ^ Fadeyev, Yu. A. (2012). "Nonlinear pulsations of red supergiants". Astronomy Letters. 38 (4): 260–270. arXiv:1112.2365. Bibcode:2012AstL...38..260F. doi:10.1134/S1063773712040032. S2CID 118612597.
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h González-Torà, G.; Wittkowski, M.; Davies, B.; Plez, B. (December 19, 2023). "The effect of winds on atmospheric layers of red supergiants II. Modelling VLTI/GRAVITY and MATISSE observations of AH Sco, KW Sgr, V602 Car, CK Car and V460 Car". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 683: A19. arXiv:2312.12521. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202348047. ISSN 0004-6361.
  9. ^ Levesque, Emily M.; Massey, Philip; Olsen, K. A. G.; Plez, Bertrand; Josselin, Eric; Maeder, Andre; Meynet, Georges (2005). "The Effective Temperature Scale of Galactic Red Supergiants: Cool, but Not as Cool as We Thought". The Astrophysical Journal. 628 (2): 973–985. arXiv:astro-ph/0504337. Bibcode:2005ApJ...628..973L. doi:10.1086/430901. S2CID 15109583.
  10. ^ Arroyo-Torres, B.; Wittkowski, M.; Chiavassa, A.; Scholz, M.; Freytag, B.; Marcaide, J. M.; Hauschildt, P. H.; Wood, P. R.; Abellan, F. J. (2015). "What causes the large extensions of red supergiant atmospheres?. Comparisons of interferometric observations with 1D hydrostatic, 3D convection, and 1D pulsating model atmospheres". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 575: A50. arXiv:1501.01560. Bibcode:2015A&A...575A..50A. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201425212. S2CID 29210064.
  11. ^ Messineo, M.; Brown, A. G. A. (2019). "A Catalog of Known Galactic K-M Stars of Class I Candidate Red Supergiants in Gaia DR2". The Astronomical Journal. 158 (1): 20. arXiv:1905.03744. Bibcode:2019AJ....158...20M. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab1cbd. S2CID 148571616.
  12. ^ Cite error: The named reference apj172_75 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  13. ^ a b c Kazarovets, E. V.; Samus, N. N.; Durlevich, O. V.; Kireeva, N. N.; Pastukhova, E. N. (2006). "The 78th Name-List of Variable Stars". Information Bulletin on Variable Stars. 5721: 1. Bibcode:2006IBVS.5721....1K.