Vanadium(III) oxide

Vanadium(III) oxide
Names
	Other names Vanadium sesquioxide, Vanadic oxide
Identifiers
CAS Number	1314-34-7 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ECHA InfoCard	100.013.847
PubChem CID	518710;
RTECS number	YW3050000;
UNII	Y469L16CWH ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID90892259 ;
	SMILES [O-2].[V+3].[O-2].[V+3].[O-2];
Properties
Chemical formula	V2O3
Molar mass	149.881 g/mol
Appearance	Black powder
Density	4.87 g/cm3
Melting point	1,940 °C (3,520 °F; 2,210 K)
Solubility in other solvents	Insoluble
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	+1976.0·10−6 cm3/mol
Structure
Crystal structure	Corundum, hR30
Space group	R3c (No. 167)
Lattice constant	a = 547 pm α = 53.74°, β = 90°, γ = 90°
Thermochemistry
Std molar; entropy (S⦵298)	98.07 J/mol·K
Std enthalpy of; formation (ΔfH⦵298)	-1218.800 kJ/mol
Gibbs free energy (ΔfG⦵)	-1139.052 kJ/mol
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Vanadium(III) oxide is the inorganic compound with the formula V₂O₃. It is a black solid prepared by reduction of V₂O₅ with hydrogen or carbon monoxide.^[3]^[4] It is a basic oxide dissolving in acids to give solutions of vanadium (III) complexes.^[4] V₂O₃ has the corundum structure.^[4] It is antiferromagnetic with a critical temperature of 160 K.^[5] At this temperature there is an abrupt change in conductivity from metallic to insulating.^[5] This also distorts the crystal structure to a monoclinic space group: C2/c.^[1]

Upon exposure to air it gradually converts into indigo-blue V₂O₄.^[5]

In nature it occurs as the rare mineral karelianite.^[6]

^ ^a ^b Shvets, Petr; Dikaya, Olga; Maksimova, Ksenia; Goikhman, Alexander (2019-05-15). "A review of Raman spectroscopy of vanadium oxides". Journal of Raman Spectroscopy. 50 (8). Wiley: 1226–1244. Bibcode:2019JRSp...50.1226S. doi:10.1002/jrs.5616. ISSN 0377-0486. S2CID 182370875.
^ ^a ^b ^c R. Robie, B. Hemingway, and J. Fisher, “Thermodynamic Properties of Minerals and Related Substances at 298.15K and 1bar Pressure and at Higher Temperatures,” US Geol. Surv., vol. 1452, 1978.[1]
^ Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd Ed. Edited by G. Brauer, Academic Press, 1963, NY. Vol. 1. p. 1267.
^ ^a ^b ^c Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
^ ^a ^b ^c E.M. Page, S.A.Wass (1994),Vanadium:Inorganic and Coordination chemistry, Encyclopedia of Inorganic Chemistry, John Wiley & Sons, ISBN 0-471-93620-0
^ "Karelianite". www.mindat.org.

[Shvets2019-1] Shvets, Petr; Dikaya, Olga; Maksimova, Ksenia; Goikhman, Alexander (2019-05-15). "A review of Raman spectroscopy of vanadium oxides". Journal of Raman Spectroscopy. 50 (8). Wiley: 1226–1244. Bibcode:2019JRSp...50.1226S. doi:10.1002/jrs.5616. ISSN 0377-0486. S2CID 182370875.

[usgs-2] R. Robie, B. Hemingway, and J. Fisher, “Thermodynamic Properties of Minerals and Related Substances at 298.15K and 1bar Pressure and at Higher Temperatures,” US Geol. Surv., vol. 1452, 1978.[1]

[3] Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd Ed. Edited by G. Brauer, Academic Press, 1963, NY. Vol. 1. p. 1267.

[Greenwood-4] Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.

[Page-5] E.M. Page, S.A.Wass (1994),Vanadium:Inorganic and Coordination chemistry, Encyclopedia of Inorganic Chemistry, John Wiley & Sons, ISBN 0-471-93620-0

[6] "Karelianite". www.mindat.org.

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