Vanadium(V) oxide

Vanadium(V) oxide
Vanadium pentoxide monolayer
Vanadium(V) oxide
Names
IUPAC name
Divanadium pentaoxide
Other names
Vanadium pentoxide
Vanadic anhydride
Divanadium pentoxide
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.013.855 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 215-239-8
KEGG
RTECS number
  • YW2450000
UNII
UN number 2862
  • InChI=1S/5O.2V checkY
    Key: GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  • InChI=1/5O.2V/rO5V2/c1-6(2)5-7(3)4
    Key: GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-HHIHJEONAP
  • O=[V](=O)O[V](=O)=O
Properties[3]
V2O5
Molar mass 181.8800 g/mol
Appearance Yellow solid
Density 3.35 g/cm3[1]
Melting point 681 °C (1,258 °F; 954 K)[1]
Boiling point 1,750 °C (3,180 °F; 2,020 K)[1] (decomposes)
0.7 g/L (20 °C)[1]
+128.0·10−6 cm3/mol[2]
Structure[4]
Orthorhombic
Pmmn, No. 59
a = 1151 pm, b = 355.9 pm, c = 437.1 pm
Distorted trigonal bipyramidal (V)
Thermochemistry[5]
127.7 J/(mol·K)
131.0 J/(mol·K)
-1550.6 kJ/mol
-1419.5 kJ/mol
Hazards
GHS labelling:
Muta. 2; Repr. 2; STOT RE 1Acute Tox.4; STOT SE 3Aquatic Chronic 2
Danger
H302, H332, H335, H341, H361, H372, H411
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 4: Very short exposure could cause death or major residual injury. E.g. VX gasFlammability 0: Will not burn. E.g. waterInstability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazards (white): no code
4
0
0
Flash point Non-flammable
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
10 mg/kg (rat, oral)
23 mg/kg (mouse, oral)[7]
500 mg/m3 (cat, 23 min)
70 mg/m3 (rat, 2 hr)[7]
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
 C 0.5 mg V2O5/m3 (resp) (solid)[6]


C 0.1 mg V2O5/m3 (fume)[6]

Safety data sheet (SDS) ICSC 0596
Related compounds
Other anions
 Vanadium oxytrichloride
Other cations
 Niobium(V) oxide
Tantalum(V) oxide
Vanadium(II) oxide
Vanadium(III) oxide
Vanadium(IV) oxide
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Vanadium(V) oxide (vanadia) is the inorganic compound with the formula V2O5. Commonly known as vanadium pentoxide, it is a dark yellow solid, although when freshly precipitated from aqueous solution, its colour is deep orange. Because of its high oxidation state, it is both an amphoteric oxide and an oxidizing agent. From the industrial perspective, it is the most important compound of vanadium, being the principal precursor to alloys of vanadium and is a widely used industrial catalyst.[8]

The mineral form of this compound, shcherbinaite, is extremely rare, almost always found among fumaroles. A mineral trihydrate, V2O5·3H2O, is also known under the name of navajoite.

  1. ^ a b c d Haynes, p. 4.94
  2. ^ Haynes, p. 4.131
  3. ^ Weast, Robert C., ed. (1981). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (62nd ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. p. B-162. ISBN 0-8493-0462-8..
  4. ^ Shklover, V.; Haibach, T.; Ried, F.; Nesper, R.; Novak, P. (1996), "Crystal structure of the product of Mg2+ insertion into V2O5 single crystals", J. Solid State Chem., 123 (2): 317–23, Bibcode:1996JSSCh.123..317S, doi:10.1006/jssc.1996.0186.
  5. ^ Haynes, p. 5.41
  6. ^ a b NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0653". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  7. ^ a b "Vanadium dust". Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  8. ^ Cite error: The named reference Ullmann was invoked but never defined (see the help page).