Veblen function

In mathematics, the Veblen functions are a hierarchy of normal functions (continuous strictly increasing functions from ordinals to ordinals), introduced by Oswald Veblen in Veblen (1908). If φ₀ is any normal function, then for any non-zero ordinal α, φ_α is the function enumerating the common fixed points of φ_β for β<α. These functions are all normal.