Victor Mordechai Goldschmidt (10 February 1853 – 8 May 1933) was a German mineralogist, natural philosopher and art collector. He produced a nine-volume atlas of crystal forms (Atlas der Krystallformen) from 1913 to 1923 which was influential in establishing the field of crystallography. He introduced what are now called Goldschmidt symbols Φ and ρ (borrowed from astronomy) for the gnomonic angles of crystals. In 1933, he was dismissed from his position at the University of Heidelberg due to his Jewish origins and he died shortly afterwards while in exile in Salzburg. His wife Leontine committed suicide when faced with deportation to a concentration camp.