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Vivere pericoloso [ˈviːvere perikoˈloːzo] is a broken Italian for vivere pericolosamente ([ˈviːvere perikoˌlozaˈmente]), which in Italian means "to live dangerously".
The phrase was coined by the German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche in his work published in 1882 "The Gay Science":
For believe me: the secret for harvesting from existence the greatest fruitfulness and the greatest enjoyment is—to live dangerously [German: gefährlich leben[citation needed]]! Build your cities on the slopes of Vesuvius! Send your ships into uncharted seas! Live at war with your peers and yourselves! Be robbers and conquerors as long as you cannot be rulers and possessors, you seekers of knowledge![1]
In Italy, the phrase became well known due to Benito Mussolini who launched it in August 1924 as a motto of Fascist Party. At the inaugural session of the National Council of the Fascist Party, he proclaimed:
A German philosopher said: "live dangerously." I would like this to be the motto of young, passionate Italian fascism: "Living dangerously." This must mean being ready for anything, for any sacrifice, for any danger, for any action, when it comes to defending the homeland and fascism. [a][2][3][4]
In Indonesia, this phrase was popularized by Indonesia's first president Sukarno in 1964 when his state address on the 19th anniversary of the nation's independence was entitled Tahun Vivere Pericoloso (The Year of Living Dangerously, abbreviated as Tavip), roughly a year before the coup attempt by the 30 September Movement.
The title of the address inspired Christopher Koch, an Australian author, to write a novel published in 1978 titled The Year of Living Dangerously, which was then made into a film with the same title. The 1982 film starring Mel Gibson, Sigourney Weaver and Linda Hunt tells the story of the events in Jakarta before and after the 30 September Movement launched its action.
The phrase was later used by the newspaper Sinar Harapan as a title of its critic corner.
- ^ Nietzsche, Friedrich; Kaufmann, Walter Arnold; Nietzsche, Friedrich (1974). The gay science: with a prelude in rhymes and an appendix of songs (PDF). New York: Vintage Books. p. 228. ISBN 0-394-71985-9. Retrieved 10 August 2024.
- ^ Benito Mussolini, Vivere Pericolosamente, "Il Popolo d'Italia", 3 agosto 1924
- ^ Minazzi F. (Cur.) Ria D. (Cur.) (2004). Realismo, illuminismo ed ermeneutica: percorsi della ricerca filosofica attuale: atti del primo Seminario salentino di filosofia Problemi aperti del pensiero contemporaneo. Milano: Epistemologia. ISBN 978-8846453235.
- ^ Golomb, Jacob; Wistrich, Robert S. (2002). Nietzsche, godfather of fascism? on the uses and abuses of a philosophy (PDF). Princeton Oxford: Princeton University Press. p. 3. ISBN 978-0691007106. Retrieved 10 August 2024.
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