Warsaw
Warszawa (Polish) | |
|---|---|
Capital city and county | |
| Capital City of Warsaw Polish: miasto stołeczne Warszawa | |
| Nickname: Phoenix City[1] | |
| Motto: Semper invicta (Latin "Ever invincible") | |
    | |
| Coordinates: 52°13′48″N 21°00′40″E / 52.23000°N 21.01111°E | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Masovian |
| County | City county |
| Founded | 13th century |
| City rights | 1323 |
| City Hall | Commission Palace |
| Districts | 18 districts |
| Government | |
| • Type | Mayor–council government |
| • Body | Warsaw City Council |
| • City mayor | Rafał Trzaskowski (PO) |
| • Sejm of Poland | 20 members |
| • EP | Warsaw constituency |
| Area | |
| • Capital city and county | 517.24 km2 (199.71 sq mi) |
| • Urban | 546.00 km2 (210.81 sq mi) |
| • Metro | 6,100.43 km2 (2,355.39 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 78–116 m (328 ft) |
| Population (2024) | |
| • Capital city and county |  1,862,402 (1st)[2] |
| • Rank | 1st in Poland 7th in European Union |
| • Density | 3,601/km2 (9,330/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 2,028,000[4] |
| • Urban density | 3,714/km2 (9,620/sq mi) |
| • Metro | 3,269,510[3] |
| • Metro density | 509.1/km2 (1,319/sq mi) |
| Demonym | Varsovian |
| GDP | |
| • Capital city and county | €77.957 billion (2021) |
| • Metro | €114.436 billion (2022) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 00-001 to 04-999 |
| Area code | +48 22 |
| City budget | zł 24.368 billion (€5.4 billion)[7] |
| International airports | Chopin (WAW) Modlin (WMI) (not in Warsaw) |
| Rapid transit system | Metro |
| Website | warszawa.pl |
| Official name | Historic Centre of Warsaw |
| Type | Cultural |
| Criteria | ii, vi |
| Designated | 1980 (4th session) |
| Reference no. | 30 |
| UNESCO region | Europe |
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Warsaw,[a] officially the Capital City of Warsaw,[8][b] is the capital and largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the River Vistula in east-central Poland. Its population is officially estimated at 1.86 million residents within a greater metropolitan area of 3.27 million residents, which makes Warsaw the 7th most-populous city in the European Union.[2] The city area measures 517 km2 (200 sq mi) and comprises 18 districts, while the metropolitan area covers 6,100 km2 (2,355 sq mi).[9] Warsaw is classified as an alpha global city,[10] a major cultural, political and economic hub, and the country's seat of government. It is also the capital of the Masovian Voivodeship.
Warsaw traces its origins to a small fishing town in Masovia. The city rose to prominence in the late 16th century, when Sigismund III decided to move the Polish capital and his royal court from Kraków. Warsaw served as the de facto capital of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth until 1795, and subsequently as the seat of Napoleon's Duchy of Warsaw. The 19th century and its Industrial Revolution brought a demographic boom, which made it one of the largest and most densely populated cities in Europe. Known then for its elegant architecture and boulevards, Warsaw was bombed and besieged at the start of World War II in 1939.[11][12][13] Much of the historic city was destroyed and its diverse population decimated by the Ghetto Uprising in 1943, the general Warsaw Uprising in 1944, and systematic razing.
Warsaw is served by two international airports, the busiest being Warsaw Chopin, as well as the smaller Warsaw Modlin, intended for low-cost carriers. Major public transport services operating in the city include the Warsaw Metro, buses, commuter rail service and an extensive tram network. The city is a significant economic centre for the region, with the Warsaw Stock Exchange being the largest in Central and Eastern Europe.[14][15] It is the base for Frontex, the European Union agency for external border security, and ODIHR, one of the principal institutions of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe. Warsaw has one of Europe's highest concentrations of skyscrapers, and the Varso Place is the tallest building in the European Union.
The city's primary educational and cultural institutions comprise the University of Warsaw, the Warsaw University of Technology, the SGH Warsaw School of Economics, the Chopin University of Music, the Polish Academy of Sciences, the National Philharmonic Orchestra, the National Museum, and the Warsaw Grand Theatre, the largest of its kind in the world.[16] The reconstructed Old Town, which represents a variety of European architectural styles, was listed as a World Heritage Site in 1980.[17] Other landmarks include the Royal Castle, Sigismund's Column, the Wilanów Palace, the Palace on the Isle, St. John's Archcathedral, Main Market Square, and numerous churches and mansions along the Royal Route. Warsaw is a green capital, with around a quarter of the city's area occupied by parks.[18][19] In sports, the city is home to Legia Warsaw football club and hosts the annual Warsaw Marathon.
- ^ Rayasam, Renuka (10 May 2016). "This once-dark city is becoming the darling of Europe". BBC.
- ^ a b "Urząd Statystyczny w Warszawie / Warszawa".
- ^ "Population on 1 January by age, sex and NUTS 2 region". Eurostat. Retrieved 29 February 2024.
- ^ "Demographia World Urban Areas 19th Annual: 2023 08" (PDF), demographia.com
- ^ "EU regions by GDP, Eurostat". ec.europa.eu.
- ^ "Gross domestic product (GDP) at current market prices by NUTS 3 regions". ec.europa.eu.
- ^ "EXPENDITURE OF THE CAPITAL CITY OF WARSAW BUDGET BY TYPE" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 February 2023. Retrieved 8 January 2023.
- ^ "Journal of Laws of Poland, position 1817, 2018". Archived from the original on 30 August 2021. Retrieved 30 August 2021.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
goeuro2012was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "The World According to GaWC 2020". GaWC – Research Network. Globalization and World Cities. Archived from the original on 24 August 2020. Retrieved 31 August 2020.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
coat_of_armswas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Cite error: The named reference
Czerkawskiwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "Warsaw – Phoenix City Rebuilt From the Ashes". youramazingplaces.com. 26 December 2014. Archived from the original on 24 December 2015. Retrieved 17 September 2015.
- ^ "Warsaw Stock Exchange, Poland, stocks, investing online – Fio bank". Archived from the original on 9 April 2017. Retrieved 9 April 2017.
- ^ "Warsaw: The Region's Key Market". Warsaw Capital Market Summit 2015. Archived from the original on 8 December 2015. Retrieved 29 October 2015.
- ^ "The Grand Theater in Warsaw: one of the largest theatres in Europe and one of the biggest stages in the world –". communications-unlimited.nl. 27 May 2016. Archived from the original on 6 April 2020. Retrieved 14 November 2017.
- ^ WorldlyTraveller (10 May 2016). "Warsaw, City of Classical Music and Varied Architecture in Poland – Worldly Resort". Archived from the original on 10 May 2016. Retrieved 9 April 2017.
- ^ Skoczeń, Paulina. "Warsaw is a green city". Archived from the original on 9 April 2017. Retrieved 9 April 2017.
- ^ Charly Wilder (23 December 2015). "36 Hours in Warsaw, Poland". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 28 December 2015. Retrieved 29 December 2015.
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