| What's Going On | ||||
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| Released | May 21, 1971 | |||
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| Genre | Soul | |||
| Length | 35:32 | |||
| Label | Tamla | |||
| Producer | Marvin Gaye | |||
| Marvin Gaye chronology | ||||
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| Singles from What's Going On | ||||
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What's Going On is the eleventh studio album by the American soul singer Marvin Gaye. It was released on May 21, 1971, by the Motown Records subsidiary label Tamla. Recorded between 1970 and 1971 in sessions at Hitsville U.S.A., Golden World, United Sound Studios in Detroit, and at The Sound Factory in West Hollywood, California, it was Gaye's first album to credit him as producer and to credit Motown's in-house session musicians, known as the Funk Brothers.
What's Going On is a concept album with most of its songs segueing into the next and has been categorized as a song cycle. The narrative established by the songs is told from the point of view of a Vietnam veteran returning to his home country to witness hatred, suffering, and injustice. Gaye's introspective lyrics explore themes of drug abuse, poverty, and the Vietnam War. He has also been credited with promoting awareness of ecological issues before the public outcry over them had become prominent ("Mercy Mercy Me").
What's Going On stayed on the Billboard Top LPs for over a year and became Gaye's second number-one album on Billboard's Soul LPs chart, where it stayed for nine weeks, and on the No. 2 spot for another 12 weeks, respectively. The title track, which had been released in January 1971 as the album's lead single, hit number two on the Billboard Hot 100 and held the top position on Billboard's Soul Singles chart five weeks running. The follow-up singles "Mercy Mercy Me (The Ecology)" and "Inner City Blues (Make Me Wanna Holler)" also reached the top 10 of the Hot 100, making Gaye the first male solo artist to place three top ten singles on the Hot 100 from one album.
The album was an immediate commercial and critical success, and came to be viewed by music historians as a classic of 1970s soul. Multiple critics, musicians, and many in the general public consider What's Going On to be one of the greatest albums of all time and a landmark recording in popular music. In 1985, writers on British music weekly the NME voted it the best album of all time. In 2020, it was ranked number one on Rolling Stone's list of the "500 Greatest Albums of All Time".
- ^ Abdurraqib, Hanif (2022). What's Going On (Liner notes). Marvin Gaye. UME, Tamla. B0033741-01.
Basic tracks for What's Going On were recorded at Motown's Studio A, June 1, 1970. Lead & background vocals and additional instrumentation were overdubbed at Studio B, the former Golden World studio, July 6 and 7, then back at Studio A on July 10. Strings were added at Studio B, September 21, 1970. Basic tracks for all other songs were recorded in sequence in Studio A, March 17, 19 and 20, 1971. Strings, horns and lead and background voices were overdubbed mainly in Studio B, with some initial instrumental overdubs in Studio A, March 24, 26–30, 1971. There is anecdotal evidence that some overflow was cut at Detroit's United Sound. ... Additional Marvin Gaye vocals and instrumentation ... were recorded at Sound Factory, Los Angeles, CA, May 5, 1971.