Johannesburg is the most populous city in South Africa and the second-most populous city in Sub-Saharan Africa, behind Lagos. Johannesburg is the provincial capital of Gauteng Province, the wealthiest province in South Africa, and the site of the South African Constitutional Court. It is one of the newest major cities in the world, and is one of the few major cities in the world not along a coast or near a large river. Johannesburg is the site of a large-scale gold and diamond trade due to its location on the mineral-rich Witwatersrand. Johannesburg is also served by Johannesburg International Airport, the largest and busiest airport in Africa and the gateway for international air travel to and from the rest of South Africa. According to the 2001 Census, the population of the city is more than three million in a land area of 1,644 km². The city is one of the 35 largest metropolitan areas in the world.
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