William Albert Patterson (July 10, 1841 – June 14, 1917) was a Canadian politician, who represented the electoral district of Colchester in the House of Commons of Canada from 1891 to 1896 as a member of the Conservative Party.
He was born in Pictou, Nova Scotia, the son of Abram Patterson and Christiana McGregor. He was a lumber merchant. In 1869, he married Bessie Campbell. Patterson represented Colchester County in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1874 to 1886 as a Liberal-Conservative member. He was defeated when he ran for reelection in 1886. Patterson also served as a captain in the militia.