 Vietnamese women in the traditional Áo dài. | |
| General Statistics | |
|---|---|
| Maternal mortality (per 100,000) | 59 (2010) |
| Women in parliament | 24.4% (2012) |
| Women over 25 with secondary education | 24.7% (2010) |
| Women in labour force | 73.2% (2011) |
| Gender Inequality Index[1] | |
| Value | 0.296 (2021) |
| Rank | 71st out of 191 |
| Global Gender Gap Index[2] | |
| Value | 0.705 (2022) |
| Rank | 83rd out of 146 |
| Part of a series on |
| Women in society |
|---|
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The role of women in Vietnam was subject to many changes throughout the history of Vietnam. They have taken on varying roles in society, and the country has seen a number of advances in women's rights, such as an increase in female representation in government, as well as the creation of the Vietnam Women's Union in 1930.
The role of women in warfare and outside the home continued to increase throughout the 20th century, especially during the Indochina Wars. During and after the Vietnam War, the ruling Communist Party of Vietnam made efforts to increase women's rights, equity, and representation in government. This included the creation of job quotas during the 1960s, which required that women occupy a certain percentage of jobs in different sectors.[3]
Women's rights have continued to increase in contemporary Vietnam, and women have increasingly held leadership positions. Vietnam has one of the highest female labour-force participation rates in the world [4] and ranked the second most women in senior management among Asian countries.[5]
Currently, two women have served as President of Vietnam (on an interim basis): Võ Thị Ánh Xuân (2023) and Đặng Thị Ngọc Thịnh (2018). Additionally, Nguyễn Thị Kim Ngân was elected as Chairwoman of the National Assembly of Vietnam in 2016[6][7] while Trương Thị Mai became the first female Executive Secretary of the Communist Party in 2023.[8] In business, Nguyễn Thị Phương Thảo is Vietnam's first female billionaire. However, there is still an influence of gender roles and cultural influence in Vietnam today, which persists both inside the domestic home as well as outside in the socioeconomic sphere.
- ^ "Human Development Report 2021/2022" (PDF). HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORTS. Retrieved 14 December 2022.
- ^ "Global Gender Gap Report 2022" (PDF). World Economic Forum. Retrieved 24 February 2023.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
Wernerwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "Vietnam has one of the highest shares of women in work in the world". The Economist. June 8, 2019.
- ^ "Vietnam is ranked the second most women in senior management among Asian countries". Grant Thornton Vietnam | Audit | Tax | Advisory | Business Process Solutions.
- ^ "Vietnam elects first chairwoman of parliament". Archived from the original on 2016-10-26. Retrieved 2016-10-25.
- ^ "Nguyen Thi Kim Ngan elected as first woman National Assembly chair". Báo Ấp Bắc. Archived from the original on 2016-10-26. Retrieved 2016-10-26.
- ^ Viet, Tuan (2023-03-06). "Vietnam names first female permanent member of Communist Party's Secretariat - VnExpress International". VnExpress. Retrieved 2023-03-07.