In cryptography, the simple XOR cipher is a type of additive cipher,[1] an encryption algorithm that operates according to the principles:
For example where denotes the exclusive disjunction (XOR) operation.[2] This operation is sometimes called modulus 2 addition (or subtraction, which is identical).[3] With this logic, a string of text can be encrypted by applying the bitwise XOR operator to every character using a given key. To decrypt the output, merely reapplying the XOR function with the key will remove the cipher.