Xanthium strumarium

Xanthium strumarium
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Genus: Xanthium
Species:
X. strumarium
Binomial name
Xanthium strumarium
Synonyms[1]
List
    • Xanthium abyssinicum Wallr.
    • Xanthium antiquorum Wallr.
    • Xanthium arenarium Lasch
    • Xanthium brasilicum Vell.
    • Xanthium inaequilaterum DC.
    • Xanthium indicum J.Koenig ex Roxb.
    • Xanthium japonicum Widder
    • Xanthium macrocarpum DC.
    • Xanthium mongolicum Kitag.
    • Xanthium natalense Widder
    • Xanthium pungens var. globuliforme C.Shull
    • Xanthium sibiricum Patrin ex Widder

Xanthium strumarium (rough cocklebur,[2] Noogoora burr,[3] clotbur, common cocklebur, large cocklebur, woolgarie bur) is a species of annual plants of the family Asteraceae.[4] Some sources claim it originates in southern Europe and Asia, but has been extensively naturalized elsewhere.[5][6][7] Others, such as the Flora of China and Flora of North America, state it originates in the Americas but was an early introduction to Eurasia.[8][9]

  1. ^ "Xanthium strumarium L." Plants of the World Online. Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2 April 2021.
  2. ^ BSBI List 2007 (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
  3. ^ "Noogoora burr (Xanthium occidentale)". NSW WeedWise. Retrieved 2024-04-08.
  4. ^ Everitt, J.H.; Lonard, R.L.; Little, C.R. (2007). Weeds in South Texas and Northern Mexico. Lubbock: Texas Tech University Press. ISBN 978-0-89672-614-7.
  5. ^ "Xanthium strumarium L. | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science".
  6. ^ "Xanthium strumarium". Atlas of Florida Plants. Institute for Systematic Botany, University of South Florida.
  7. ^ "Xanthium strumarium L." Calflora. Taxon Report 8367.
  8. ^ Strother, John L. (2006). "Xanthium strumarium". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). Vol. 21. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press. Retrieved July 27, 2022 – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
  9. ^ Shi, Zhu. "Xanthium strumarium". Flora of China. Vol. 20–21. Retrieved July 27, 2022 – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.