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The xirula (Basque pronunciation: [ʃiˈɾula], spelled chiroula in French, also pronounced txirula, (t)xülüla in Zuberoan Basque; Gascon: flabuta; French: galoubet) is a small three holed woodwind instrument or flute usually made of wood akin to the Basque txistu or three-hole pipe, but more high pitched and strident, tuned to D/G and an octave higher than the silbote.[1] The sound that flows from the flute has often been perceived as a metaphor for the tweet cadences of bird songs.[2] Some scholars point out that flutes found in the Caverns of Isturitz and Oxozelaia going back to a period spanning 35,000 to 10,000 years ago bear witness to the early presence of the instrument's forerunner in the region, while this view has been disputed.[3]
- ^ "Txistu". Vitrifolk. Archived from the original on 2008-01-29. Retrieved 2008-03-17. Site in French
- ^ "Txori erresiñulak". Berria. Retrieved 2008-03-17. Site in Basque
- ^ "La "basca tibia": El mito de la prehistoricidad del txistu vasco". Txistulari, 178. Retrieved 2009-06-15. Site in Spanish