Yellow fever vaccine

Yellow fever vaccine
Yellow fever vaccine vials (Brazil)
Vaccine description
TargetYellow fever
Vaccine typeAttenuated
Clinical data
Trade namesYF-Vax, Stamaril
Other names17D vaccine
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa607030
Pregnancy
category
Routes of
administration		Subcutaneous
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
Identifiers
ChemSpider
  • none
UNII
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Yellow fever vaccine is a vaccine that protects against yellow fever.[4] Yellow fever is a viral infection that occurs in Africa and South America.[4] Most people begin to develop immunity within ten days of vaccination and 99% are protected within one month, and this appears to be lifelong.[4] The vaccine can be used to control outbreaks of disease.[4] It is given either by injection into a muscle or just under the skin.[4][5]

The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends routine immunization in all countries where the disease is common.[4] This should typically occur between nine and twelve months of age.[4] Those traveling to areas where the disease occurs should also be immunized.[4] Additional doses after the first are generally not needed.[6]

The yellow fever vaccine is generally safe.[4] This includes in those with HIV infection but without symptoms.[4] Mild side effects may include headache, muscle pains, pain at the injection site, fever, and rash.[4] Severe allergies occur in about eight per million doses, serious neurological problems occur in about four per million doses, and organ failure occurs in about three per million doses.[4] It appears to be safe in pregnancy and is therefore recommended among those who will be potentially exposed.[4] It should not be given to those with very poor immune function.[7]

Yellow fever vaccine came into use in 1938.[8] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[9][10] The vaccine is made from weakened yellow fever virus.[4] Some countries require a yellow fever vaccination certificate before entry from a country where the disease is common.[4][5]

  1. ^ Use During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
  2. ^ "Stamaril powder and solvent for suspension for injection in pre-filled syringe - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC)". (emc). 9 September 2019. Retrieved 28 December 2019.
  3. ^ "YF-Vax". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 6 August 2019. Retrieved 28 December 2019.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o World Health Organization (July 2013). "Vaccines and vaccination against yellow fever. WHO position paper -- June 2013". Weekly Epidemiological Record. 88 (27): 269–283. hdl:10665/242089. PMID 23909008.
  5. ^ a b "Yellow Fever Vaccine - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics". www.sciencedirect.com. Retrieved 30 April 2022.
  6. ^ Staples JE, Bocchini JA, Rubin L, Fischer M (June 2015). "Yellow Fever Vaccine Booster Doses: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, 2015". MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 64 (23): 647–650. PMC 4584737. PMID 26086636.
  7. ^ "Yellow Fever Vaccine". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 13 December 2011. Archived from the original on 9 December 2015. Retrieved 15 December 2015.
  8. ^ Norrby E (November 2007). "Yellow fever and Max Theiler: the only Nobel Prize for a virus vaccine". The Journal of Experimental Medicine. 204 (12): 2779–2784. doi:10.1084/jem.20072290. PMC 2118520. PMID 18039952.
  9. ^ World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
  10. ^ World Health Organization (2021). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 22nd list (2021). Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/345533. WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2021.02.