Yemeni civil war (1994)

Yemeni civil war (1994)
Part of the effects of the Cold War and the Arab Cold War
Map of Yemen
Southern separatist soldiers taking cover behind a T-55 tank
Date4 May – 7 July 1994
(2 months and 3 days)
Location
Result

Unionist Yemeni victory

Belligerents

Yemen Yemen
Jihadists[1]

Supported by:
 United States[3]
 Jordan[4]: 85 
 Qatar[4]
 Egypt[4]: 27 
Libya[4]: 86 
 Sudan[4]: 86 
 Iran[4]: 87 
 India[4]: 87 
South Yemen Democratic Republic of Yemen
Supported by:
 Saudi Arabia[5]
 Oman[6]
 Lebanon[4]: 27 
Iraq[4]: 82 
 Kuwait[5]
 Bahrain[7]
 UAE[7]
 Cuba[4]: 86 
 North Korea[4]: 86 
 China[4]: 86 
Commanders and leaders
Ali Abdullah Saleh
Ali Mohsen al-Ahmar
Abdul Majeed al-Zindani
Tariq al-Fadhli[1]

Ali Salem al Beidh Surrendered

Ali Mohammed Assadi Surrendered
Casualties and losses

931 soldiers and civilians killed

5,000 wounded (N. Yemen claim)[8]
6,000 fighters and 513 civilians killed

7,000–10,000 dead[9]

Unknown number of socialist and separatist civilians executed


The Yemeni civil war of 1994 (Arabic: الحرب الأهلية اليمنية (1994)), known in Yemen as the 1994 Summer War (Arabic: حرب صيف 1994), was a civil war fought between the two Yemeni forces of the pro-union northern and the socialist separatist southern Yemeni states and their supporters. The war resulted in the defeat of the southern separatists and the reunification of Yemen, and the flight into exile of many leaders of the Yemeni Socialist Party (YSP) and other separatists.

  1. ^ a b Said 2018, p. 106.
  2. ^ Said 2018, p. 105.
  3. ^ Embassy of Yemen - Yemeni-American relations Archived 2015-07-09 at the Wayback Machine, "[In mid-nineties...] Washington demonstrated favorable intentions concerning Yemen. That became evident when the U.S. fully supported the Yemeni unity against the failed Separatist attempt in the summer of 1994."
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Cite error: The named reference CandC was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  5. ^ a b Korea Economic Research Institute (South Korea) (27 November 2002). Constitutional Handbook on Korean Unification, Volume 1. 길잡이미디어. p. 703. ISBN 8980312636. Kuwait and Saudi Arabia started to support this secessionist movement until reconciliation with President Salih
  6. ^ Whelan, John (6 August 1999). "Oman in 1994". www.britannica.com. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2 April 2017. During the Yemeni civil war, from May 5 to July 7, Oman urged other Persian Gulf states to recognize the breakaway southern republic.
  7. ^ a b Al-Muslimi, Farea (5 January 2016). "A History of Missed Opportunities: Yemen and the GCC". Carnegie Middle East Center. Retrieved 2 April 2017. All GCC member states, with the exception of Qatar, would offer financial and political support to the secessionists, although Saleh soon gained the upper hand and won the war.
  8. ^ "Yemen Civil War Caused Almost 6,000 Northern Casualties." Associated Press, July 12, 1994.
  9. ^ "Saleh down plays Yemeni war death toll." AFP, July 12, 1994.


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