Ying (state)

State of Ying
應
State of Ying 應
c.1030 BCE–646 BCE
	Ying 應 is located to the north of Chu and southeast of Zhou; it is not to be confused with Ying 英, a different state to the east of Chu.
Status	Vassal state
Capital	Pingdingshan
Common languages	Old Chinese
Religion	Chinese folk religion; Ancestor veneration
Government	Monarchy
Historical era	Zhou dynasty
• Established	c.1030 BCE
• Conquered by Chu	646 BCE
Today part of	China

Ying (traditional Chinese: 應; simplified Chinese: 应; pinyin: Yīng) was a minor kingdom in eastern China that existed from circa 1030 BCE to 646 BCE. Sometime after its establishment it became a vassal state of the Western Zhou, which extended into the Spring and Autumn period. Ying briefly became a vassal state of Chu in the early-600s BCE, but was annexed by the Chu in 646 BCE. Ying was in modern-day Pingdingshan, Henan province, where many artifacts from the state have been unearthed.^[1]

^ Shaughnessy, Edward L. (2001). "New Sources of Western Zhou History: Recent Discoveries of Inscribed Bronze Vessels". Early China. 26/27: 73–98. doi:10.1017/S0362502800007240. ISSN 0362-5028. JSTOR 23354199. S2CID 163754190.

[:1-1] Shaughnessy, Edward L. (2001). "New Sources of Western Zhou History: Recent Discoveries of Inscribed Bronze Vessels". Early China. 26/27: 73–98. doi:10.1017/S0362502800007240. ISSN 0362-5028. JSTOR 23354199. S2CID 163754190.

[1]