Triholoside

Un triholoside ou trisaccharide est un oligoside composé de trois unités d'ose de nature identique ou différente : glucose, fructose, galactose, fucose, maltose, saccharose ...

Font partie de la famille des triholosides :

Acarbose^[1]
Erlose (glucosylsucrose)^[2]^,^[3] : glucose α(1–4) glucose α(1–2) fructose (G2F)
Fucosyllactose : fucose + glucose + galactose
Lactosucrose^[3] : galactose β(1–4) glucose α(1–2) fructose
Gentianose^[4]^,^[5] : glucose β(1-6) glucose α(1-2)β fructose (G2F) ou gentiobiose + fructose ou glucose + saccharose
Isokestose : fructose + fructose + glucose (GF2)
Isomaltotriose^[3] : glucose α(1–6) glucose α(1–6) glucose (G3)
Inulotriose : fructose + fructose + fructose (F3)
β-glucotriose^[3] : glucose β(1–6) glucose β(1–6) glucose (G3)
Kestose^[3] : glucose α(1–2) fructose (1–2)β fructose (GF2)
Maltotriose^[5] : glucose α(1→4) glucose α(1→4) glucose (G3)
Mélézitose^[5] : glucose α(1-3) fructose β(2-1)α glucose ou glucose + turanose (un diholoside isomère du saccharose)
Nigerotriose : glucose α(1→3) glucose α(1→3) glucose
Panose^[3] : glucose α(1–4) glucose α(1–6) glucose (G3)
Raffinose^[5]^,^[6] : galactose α(1–6) glucose α(1–2) fructose
Rhamninose^[5] : galactose + rhamnose + rhamnose
Theanderose^[3] : glucose α(1–6) glucose α(1–2) fructose (G2F)

↑ (en) Trisaccharides MeSH
↑ (en) K Takeuchi, S Sakai, T Miyake (1985) Crystalline erlose. United States Patent 4758660
↑ ^{a b c d e f et g} (en) Tsuneyuki Oku & Sadako Nakamura, « Digestion, absorption, fermentation, and metabolism of functional sugar substitutes and their available energy. », Pure Appl. Chem., vol. 74, n^o 7,‎ 2002, p. 1253–1261 (lire en ligne) [PDF]
↑ (en) Peter M. Collins, Dictionary of carbohydrates, CRC Press, 2005, 1282 p. (ISBN 0-8493-3829-8), p. 522
↑ ^{a b c d et e} (en) Harry Hepworth, Chemical Synthesis - Studies in the Investigation of Natural Organic Products, London, READ BOOKS, 1924 (réimpr. 2007), 272 p. (ISBN 978-1-4067-5808-5), « Chapitre III - The Carbohydrates », p. 42-81
↑ (en) [PDF] T Nakakuki (2002) Present status and future of functional oligosaccharide development in Japan. Pure and Applied Chemistry, 74, 1245-1251.