| 109th Division | |
|---|---|
| Active | 1937–1945 |
| Country |  Empire of Japan |
| Branch | Imperial Japanese Army |
| Type | Infantry |
| Role | Garrison |
| Size | 21,000 |
| Garrison/HQ | Kanazawa, Kōfu |
| Nickname(s) | Courage division |
| Engagements | Second Sino-Japanese War Pacific War |
| Commanders | |
| Notable commanders | Korechika Anami Tadamichi Kuribayashi Yoshio Tachibana |
The 109th Division (第109師団, Dai-hyakukyū Shidan) was an infantry division of the Imperial Japanese Army. Its call sign was the Courage Division (膽兵団, Tan Heidan). It was formed on 24 August 1937 in Kanazawa as a square division, simultaneously with the 108th division. The nucleus for the formation was the 9th division headquarters. It was subordinated from the beginning to the Japanese Northern China Area Army.