1550s

The 1550s decade ran from January 1, 1550, to December 31, 1559.

Political map of the world in 1556
January 23, 1556: Shaanxi earthquake, devastation kills 830,000 in China.

Events

1550

January–March

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April–June

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July–September

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October–December

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Date unknown

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1551

January–March

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April–June

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July–September

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October–December

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Date unknown

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  • Qizilbash forces under the command of Tahmasp I raid and destroy the cave monastery of Vardzia in Georgia.
  • In Henan province, China, during the Ming dynasty, a severe frost in the spring destroys the winter wheat crop. Torrential rains in mid summer cause massive flooding of farmland and villages (by some accounts submerged in a metre of water). In the fall, a large tornado demolishes houses and flattens much of the buckwheat in the fields. Famine victims either flee, starve, or resort to cannibalism. This follows a series of natural disasters in Henan in the years 1528, 1531, 1539, and 1545.
  • In Slovakia, Guta (modern-day Kolárovo) receives town status.
  • Portugal founds a sugar colony at Bahia.
  • Juan de Betanzos begins to write his Narrative of the Incas.
  • The new edition of the Genevan psalter, Pseaumes octantetrois de David, is published, with Louis Bourgeois as supervising composer, including the first publication of the hymn tune known as the Old 100th.

1552

Bartolomeo Eustachi completes his Tabulae anatomicae.

January–March

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April–June

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July–September

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October–December

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Date unknown

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  • Miguel de Buría leads the first African rebellion in South America's history. This may be because Buría has more slaves than other regions in Venezuela, of which most join Miguel, and is still being contested between the Europeans and the natives, who also join his side. During this insurrection he takes over the Gold mines de San Felipe de Buría, established within the area with the consent of the Spanish Crown, to pull out the ore that was discovered in the Buria river, a task that heavily depends on slave work.
  • In the Persian Gulf, the Ottoman Empire Red Sea Fleet attacks the Portuguese stronghold of Hormuz, but fails to capture it.[54]
  • In Italy, Bartolomeo Eustachi completes his Tabulae anatomicae, presenting his discoveries on the structure of the inner ear and heart,[55] although, for fear of the Inquisition, it will not be published until 1714.
  • King Edward VI of England founds 35 grammar schools by royal charter,[5] including Shrewsbury; Leeds Grammar School is also established.

1553

January–March

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April–June

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July–September

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October–December

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Date unknown

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1554

January–March

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April–June

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July–September

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October–December

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Date unknown

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1555

January–March

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April–June

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July–September

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October–December

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Date unknown

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1556

January–March

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April–June

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July–September

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October–December

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Date unknown

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1557

January–March

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April–June

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July–September

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October–December

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Prince of Wallachia for the third time, succeeding Pătrașcu the Good, who has died suddenly.[167]

Date unknown

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1558

January–March

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April–June

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July–September

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October–December

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Unknown

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Ongoing

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1559

January–March

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April–June

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The fatal tournament between King Henry and Lord Montgomery

July–September

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October–December

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Date unknown

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Births

1550

Pope Paul V
Anne of Saint Bartholomew
King Charles IX of Sweden

1551

Maria Anna of Bavaria

1552

Walter Raleigh
Rudolph II
Vasili IV of Russia
Matteo Ricci
Simón de Rojas

1553

Louise of Lorraine
Margaret of Valois

1554

Philip William, Prince of Orange

1555

King Naresuan

1556

Countess Maria of Nassau

1557

Matthias, Holy Roman Emperor

1558

André du Laurens
Maximilian III, Archduke of Austria

1559

Emperor Nurhaci born on February 19
Lawrence of Brindisi born on July 22
Jacques Sirmond born on October 12

Deaths

1550

Saint John of God

1551

Martin Bucer
Barbara Radziwiłł

1552

Henry of the Palatinate
Henry V, Duke of Mecklenburg
Saint Francis Xavier

1553

Edward VI of England
Michael Servetus

1554

Francisco Vázquez de Coronado

1555

Pope Julius III
Pope Marcellus II
King Henry II of Navarre
Saint Thomas of Villanova

1556

Thomas Cranmer
Saint Ignatius of Loyola

1557

John III of Portugal
Jacques Cartier
Emperor Go-Nara of Japan

1558

Emperor Charles V
Queen Mary I of England and Cardinal Reginald Pole died on November 17, 1558

1559

King Christian III of Denmark and Norway died on New Year's Day, January 1, 1559
King Christian II of Denmark, Norway and Sweden died on January 25, 1559
King Henry II of France died on July 10, 1559
Pope Paul IV died on August 18, 1559
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