1740s

War of Jenkins' EarWar of the Austrian SuccessionLeyden jarJacobite rising of 1745Siege of Trichinopoly (1743)Second Silesian WarOttoman–Persian War (1743–1746)George Anson's voyage around the world
From top left, clockwise: The War of Jenkins' Ear, a conflict between the British and Spanish Empires lasting from 1739 to 1748. The War of the Austrian Succession from 1740 to 1748, caused by the death of Emperor Charles VI in 1740. The siege of Trichinopoly, a conflict between the Nizam of Hyderabad and the Maratha Empire over the Carnatic region. George Anson burns Paita, a settlement in Peru in 1742 whilst on a voyage around the world. Nader Shah declares war on the Ottoman Empire in 1743 resulting in the Ottoman–Persian War. Following the end of the First Silesian War in 1742, the Second Silesian War occurs as a continuation of the first war. A Leyden jar is discovered independently by Ewald Georg von Kleist and Pieter van Musschenbroek. The Jacobite rising of 1745, an attempt by Charles Edward Stuart to regain the British throne for his father.

The 1740s (pronounced "seventeen-forties") decade ran from January 1, 1740, to December 31, 1749. Many events during this decade sparked an impetus for the Age of Reason. Military and technological advances brought one of the first instances of a truly global war to take place here, when Maria Theresa of Austria’s struggle to succeed the various crowns of her father King Charles VI led to a war involving nearly all European states in the War of the Austrian Succession, eventually spilling over to North America with the War of Jenkins’ Ear (which went on to involve many of the West’s first ferocious maritime battles). Capitalism grew robust following the fallout of the South Sea bubble two decades and the subsequent reign of Sir Robert Walpole, whose rule ended in the earlier half of this decade.

Events

1740

January–March

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1741

January–March

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October–December

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1742

January–March

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July–September

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October–December

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1743

January–March

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April–June

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July–September

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October–December

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Undated

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1744

January–March

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April–June

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July–September

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October–December

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Date unknown

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1745

January–March

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April–June

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July–September

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October –December

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1746

January–March

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April–June

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July–September

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October–December

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1747

January–March

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April–June

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July–September

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October–December

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1748

January–March

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April–June

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July–September

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October –December

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Date unknown

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1749

January–March

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April–June

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July–September

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October–December

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Date unknown

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Births

1740

Marquis de Sade

1741

Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor

1742

Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar
James Wilson
Carl Wilhelm Scheele

1743

Yekaterina Vorontsova-Dashkova

1744

Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
Johann Gottfried Herder

1745

Alessandro Volta

1746

Tadeusz Kościuszko
Francisco Goya

1747

Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor

1748

Jeremy Bentham
Jacques-Louis David

1749

Pierre Simon de Laplace
Madame Mère
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe

Deaths

1740

Pope Clement XII
Frederick William I, King in Prussia
Saint Theophilus of Corte
Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor
Anna, Empress of Russia

1741

Antonio Vivaldi

1742

Edmond Halley
Susanna Wesley

1743

Eiler Hagerup
Spencer Compton, 1st Earl of Wilmington
Jai Singh II

1744

Blessed Januarius Maria Sarnelli

1745

Robert Walpole
Jonathan Swift

1746

Philip V of Spain

1747

Nader Shah

1748

William Kent

1749

Émilie du Châtelet
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