1891 Atlantic hurricane season

1891 Atlantic hurricane season
1891 Atlantic hurricane season
	Season summary map
Seasonal boundaries
First system formed	July 3, 1891
Last system dissipated	November 6, 1891
Strongest storm
Name	"Martinique"
• Maximum winds	125 mph (205 km/h); (1-minute sustained)
• Lowest pressure	961 mbar (hPa; 28.38 inHg)
Seasonal statistics
Total storms	10
Hurricanes	7
Major hurricanes; (Cat. 3+)	1
Total fatalities	700+
Total damage	Unknown
Related article
	1890s North Indian Ocean cyclone seasons;
	Atlantic hurricane seasons; 1889, 1890, 1891, 1892, 1893

The 1891 Atlantic hurricane season began during the summer and ran through the late fall of 1891. The season had ten tropical cyclones. Seven of these became hurricanes; one becoming a major Category 3 hurricane.

Because there were no modern satellite or other remote-sensing technologies, only cyclones that affected populated land areas or that encountered ships at sea are currently known, so the true total could be higher. For the years 1886 through 1910, an undercount bias of zero to four tropical cyclones per year has been estimated.^[1]

The tracks of four of the ten cyclones were revised in 1996 by Jose Fernandez-Partagas.^[2] Following re-analysis in 2003, two storms previously considered distinct are now regarded as a single system, Tropical Storm 8. A number of other storms from 1891 were considered for inclusion in the Atlantic hurricane database, HURDAT, but are currently excluded due to a lack of evidence of tropical storm intensity.^[3]

^ Landsea, C. W. (2004). "The Atlantic hurricane database re-analysis project: Documentation for the 1851–1910 alterations and additions to the HURDAT database". In Murname, R. J.; Liu, K.-B. (eds.). Hurricanes and Typhoons: Past, Present and Future. New York: Columbia University Press. pp. 177–221. ISBN 0-231-12388-4.
^ Fernández-Partagás, José; Diaz, Henry F. (1997). A Reconstruction of Historical Tropical Cyclone Frequency in the Atlantic from Documentary and other Historical Sources Part IV: 1891-1890. Boulder, Colorado: Climate Diagnostics Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 21 August 2013.
^ Cite error: The named reference meta was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[1] Landsea, C. W. (2004). "The Atlantic hurricane database re-analysis project: Documentation for the 1851–1910 alterations and additions to the HURDAT database". In Murname, R. J.; Liu, K.-B. (eds.). Hurricanes and Typhoons: Past, Present and Future. New York: Columbia University Press. pp. 177–221. ISBN 0-231-12388-4.

[partagas-4-2] Fernández-Partagás, José; Diaz, Henry F. (1997). A Reconstruction of Historical Tropical Cyclone Frequency in the Atlantic from Documentary and other Historical Sources Part IV: 1891-1890. Boulder, Colorado: Climate Diagnostics Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 21 August 2013.

[meta-3] Cite error: The named reference meta was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

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