| 1935 Atlantic hurricane season | |
|---|---|
 Season summary map | |
| Seasonal boundaries | |
| First system formed | May 15, 1935 |
| Last system dissipated | November 14, 1935 |
| Strongest storm | |
| Name | Three (Third most intense hurricane in the Atlantic basin) |
| • Maximum winds | 185 mph (295 km/h) (1-minute sustained) |
| • Lowest pressure | 892 mbar (hPa; 26.34 inHg) |
| Seasonal statistics | |
| Total depressions | 10 |
| Total storms | 8 |
| Hurricanes | 5 |
| Major hurricanes (Cat. 3+) | 3 |
| Total fatalities | 2,761 total |
| Total damage | > $136 million (1935 USD) |
| Related articles | |
The 1935 Atlantic hurricane season was a near-normal hurricane season. Altogether, ten tropical cyclones developed, eight of which intensified into tropical storms. Five of those tropical storms strengthened into hurricanes, while three of those reached major hurricane intensity.[nb 1][2] The season ran from June 1 through November 15, 1935.
There were five notable systems in 1935. A weakening late-August hurricane sank numerous ships off the coast of Newfoundland, causing 50 fatalities. In early September, the Labor Day hurricane made landfall in Florida twice, the first time as a Category 5 hurricane on the modern day Saffir–Simpson scale, the first Category 5 U.S. landfall on record, resulting in about 490 deaths and $100 million (1935 USD) in damage along its path.[nb 2] It was the most intense Atlantic hurricane on record in terms of barometric pressure, a record later surpassed by Hurricane Gilbert in 1988,[3] as well as the strongest at landfall by 1-minute sustained winds, a record equalled by Hurricane Dorian in 2019.[4] It is also one of only four Category 5 hurricanes on record to strike the contiguous United States, along with Hurricane Camille (1969), Hurricane Andrew (1992), and Hurricane Michael (2018).[5]
Late in September, the Cuba hurricane struck the country as a Category 3 and later the Bahamas as a Category 4. The hurricane caused 52 fatalities and roughly $14.5 million in damage. The Jérémie hurricane caused significant impacts in Cuba, Haiti, Honduras, and Jamaica in the month of October. Overall, the storm was attributed to about 2,150 deaths and $16 million in damage, with more than 2,000 fatalities in Haiti alone. The Yankee hurricane struck the Bahamas and Florida in early November. The system resulted in 19 deaths, while damage totaled roughly $5.5 million. Collectively, the tropical cyclones of the 1935 Atlantic hurricane season caused roughly $136 million in damage and 2,761 fatalities.
The season's activity was reflected with an accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) rating of 106 units,[6] slightly higher than the 1931–1943 average of 91.2.[7] ACE is a metric used to express the energy used by a tropical cyclone during its lifetime. Therefore, a storm with a longer duration will have high values of ACE. It is only calculated at six-hour increments in which specific tropical and subtropical systems are either at or above sustained wind speeds of 39 mph (63 km/h), which is the threshold for tropical storm intensity. Thus, tropical depressions are not included here.[6]
- ^ Saffir–Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale. National Hurricane Center (Report). Miami, Florida: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. May 23, 2013. Retrieved July 1, 2019.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
metawas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Hensen, Bob. "Remembering the Labor Day Hurricane of 1935 in the Florida Keys". Weather Underground. Archived from the original on August 29, 2016. Retrieved August 14, 2016.
- ^ Jeff Masters (August 30, 2019). "How Might Cat 4 Dorian Compare to the Great Florida Keys Labor Day Hurricane of 1935?". Weather Underground. Retrieved February 29, 2020.
- ^ Hurricane Camille - August 17, 1969 (Report). National Weather Service Mobile, Alabama. August 2019. Retrieved February 29, 2020.
- ^ a b "Comparison of Original and Revised HURDAT". Hurricane Research Division. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. June 2019. Retrieved February 27, 2020.
- ^ Christopher W. Landsea; et al. (August 15, 2014). "A Reanalysis of the 1931–43 Atlantic Hurricane Database" (PDF). Journal of Climate. 27 (16). Miami, Florida: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration: 6111. Bibcode:2014JCli...27.6093L. doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00503.1. S2CID 1785238. Retrieved October 4, 2021.
Cite error: There are <ref group=nb> tags on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=nb}} template (see the help page).