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| UTC time | 1975-02-04 11:36:06 |
|---|---|
| ISC event | 731961 |
| USGS-ANSS | ComCat |
| Local date | February 4, 1975 |
| Local time | 19:36 CST |
| Magnitude | 7.0 Mw 7.5 Ms 6.2 mb[1] |
| Depth | 15.6 km |
| Epicenter | 40°40′N 122°41′E / 40.66°N 122.68°E |
| Max. intensity | MMI IX (Violent) |
| Tsunami | None |
| Casualties | 1,328 killed (some say 2,041 [2]) |
On February 4, 1975, at 19:36 CST, an earthquake of Ms 7.5 and intensity (MMI) IX hit the city of Haicheng, Liaoning, China. Much of the city was evacuated before the earthquake, so few died from building collapse; however, many died from fire and hypothermia in the subsequent days. The evacuees lived during the deep winter in self-made tents made of tree branches, bed sheets, tarps and straw,[3] 372 froze to death and 6,578 suffered frostbite,[4] while a fire burned 341 to death and 980 suffered non-fatal burns.[4] The fire was one of the most notable earthquake-induced fires in China, triggered from a combination of cooking, winter heating and lighting.
The early evacuation ordered by Chinese officials had been questioned to whether it was a scientific earthquake prediction or a fluke. The prediction was based mainly on the pronounced foreshock sequence.[5] None of the precursors observed in this earthquake were observed in the 1976 Tangshan earthquake, which killed over 240,000.[5] This prediction was later put under heavy scrutiny and was deemed a fluke.[who?]
- ^ International Seismological Centre. ISC-EHB Bulletin. Thatcham, United Kingdom. [Event 731961].
- ^ "Earthquake Prediction: Haicheng, China – 1975". Eserc.stonybrook.edu. Archived from the original on 2016-03-18. Retrieved 2016-01-14.[better source needed]
- ^ Photos of such tents taken in 1976 can be found in: 吴彦君 (2012). "我家的防震棚" [The earthquake tents at my home]. In 阿滢 (ed.). 秋缘斋读书记. 天地出版社. Archived from the original on 2022-01-01.
- ^ a b 颤抖的地球—地震科学 (2005). Researched by CEA seismologists 冯万鹏,薑文亮,龚丽霞,公茂盛,胡进军; Revised by CEA seismologists 王文清,续春荣,张宝红; Edited by CEA chiefs 谢礼立,张景发. Tsinghua University Press. Pages XIII, 162.
- ^ a b Cite error: The named reference
:0was invoked but never defined (see the help page).