1976 Tangshan earthquake

1976 Tangshan earthquake
唐山大地震
UTC timeDoublet earthquake:    
 A: 1976-07-27 19:42:55
 B: 1976-07-28 10:45:36
ISC event 
 A: 711732
 B: 711773
USGS-ANSS 
 A: ComCat
 B: ComCat
Local date28 July 1976
Local timePeking time:
 A: 03:42:55
 B: 18:45:36
Magnitude 
 A: 7.6 Mw; 7.6 Ms[1]
 B: 7.0 Mw; 7.4 Ms[2]
DepthA: 12.2 km[1]
B: 16.7 km[2]
Epicenter39°38′N 118°06′E / 39.63°N 118.10°E / 39.63; 118.10 39°43′N 118°26′E / 39.72°N 118.44°E / 39.72; 118.44
Max. intensityMMI XI (Extreme)
Casualties242,419[3][a] to 655,000[4][5]

The 1976 Tangshan earthquake (Chinese: 唐山大地震; pinyin: Tángshān dà dìzhèn; lit. 'Great Tangshan earthquake[b]') was a Mw 7.6 earthquake that hit the region around Tangshan, Hebei, China, at 3:42 a.m. on 28 July 1976. The maximum intensity of the earthquake was XI (Extreme) on the Mercalli scale. In minutes, 85 percent of the buildings in Tangshan collapsed or were rendered unusable, all services failed, and most of the highway and railway bridges collapsed or were seriously damaged.[6] The official report claimed 242,769 deaths and 164,851 serious injuries in Tangshan, but when taking into account the missing, the injured who later died and the deaths in nearby Beijing and Tianjin, scholars accepted at least 300,000 died,[7][8][c] making it the deadliest earthquake in recorded history and one of the worst disasters in China by death toll.

  1. ^ a b ISC-EHB Event 711732 [IRIS].
  2. ^ a b ISC-EHB Event 711773 [IRIS].
  3. ^ Xinhua News Agency, 29 July 2017; Chen et al. 1988
  4. ^ Pararas-Carayannis, George (March 2001). The Big One: The Next Great California Earthquake; Understanding Why, Where, and when, It Will Happen. Forbes Pub. ISBN 9780970972507.
  5. ^ "'76 Termed Among Worst in Toll from Earthquakes". The New York Times. 24 January 1977.
  6. ^ Housner & He 2002, Prologue.
  7. ^ 夏明方 (2020). "家庭的解体与重生：历史视野下的唐山大地震". 文明的"双相"——灾害与历史的缠绕. 广西师范大学出版社. p. 79.
  8. ^ 王瓒玮 (28 July 2016). "唐山大地震四十年：反思与"记忆"". 东方历史评论. Reprinted as: 王瓒玮 (28 July 2016). "唐山大地震40年：从死亡人数到天灾还是人祸仍是一地鸡毛". Jiemian. Archived from the original on 15 January 2021. Retrieved 6 February 2019.


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