| Tournament details | |
|---|---|
| Host country |  Canada |
| Venue(s) | 5 (in 5 host cities) |
| Dates | December 22, 1977 – January 3, 1978 |
| Teams | 8 |
| Final positions | |
Champions  |  Soviet Union (2nd title) |
Runner-up  |  Sweden |
Third place  | Canada |
| Fourth place |  Czechoslovakia |
| Tournament statistics | |
| Games played | 25 |
| Goals scored | 248 (9.92 per game) |
| Attendance | 41,681 (1,667 per game) |
| Scoring leader(s) | Wayne Gretzky (17 points) |
The 1978 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships (1978 WJHC) was the second edition of the Ice Hockey World Junior Championship and was held from December 22, 1977, until January 3, 1978. The tournament was held in Canada, mainly in Montreal and Quebec City. The Soviet Union won its second consecutive gold medal, while Sweden won the silver, and Canada the bronze.