2-Butanol

2-Butanol
Skeletal formula of 2-butanol
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
Butan-2-ol[2]
Other names
sec-Butanol[1]
sec-Butyl alcohol
2-Butanol
2-Butyl alcohol
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
773649

1718764 (R)
1718763 (S)

ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
DrugBank
ECHA InfoCard 100.001.053 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 201-158-5
1686

396584 (R)
25655 (S)

MeSH 2-butanol
RTECS number
  • EO1750000
UNII
UN number 1120
  • InChI=1S/C4H10O/c1-3-4(2)5/h4-5H,3H2,1-2H3 checkY
    Key: BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  • CCC(C)O
Properties
C4H10O
Molar mass 74.123 g·mol−1
Density 0.808 g cm−3
Melting point −115 °C; −175 °F; 158 K
Boiling point 98 to 100 °C; 208 to 212 °F; 371 to 373 K
290 g/L[3]
log P 0.683
Vapor pressure 1.67 kPa (at 20 °C)
Acidity (pKa) 17.6 [4]
−5.7683×10−5 cm3 mol−1
1.3978 (at 20 °C)
Thermochemistry
197.1 J K−1 mol−1
213.1 J K−1 mol−1
−343.3 to −342.1 kJ mol−1
−2.6611 to −2.6601 MJ mol−1
Hazards
GHS labelling:
GHS02: Flammable GHS07: Exclamation mark
Warning
H226, H319, H335, H336
P261, P305+P351+P338
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 1: Exposure would cause irritation but only minor residual injury. E.g. turpentineFlammability 3: Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient temperature conditions. Flash point between 23 and 38 °C (73 and 100 °F). E.g. gasolineInstability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazards (white): no code
1
3
0
Flash point 22 to 27 °C (72 to 81 °F; 295 to 300 K)
405 °C (761 °F; 678 K)
Explosive limits 1.7–9.8%
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
16,000 ppm (rat, 4 hr)
10,670 ppm (mouse, 3.75 hr)
16,000 ppm (mouse, 2.67 hr)[5]
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
TWA 150 ppm (450 mg/m3)[5]
REL (Recommended)
TWA 100 ppm (305 mg/m3) ST 150 ppm (455 mg/m3)[5]
IDLH (Immediate danger)
2000 ppm[5]
Safety data sheet (SDS) inchem.org
Related compounds
Related butanols
n-Butanol
Isobutanol
tert-Butanol
Related compounds
Butanone
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
checkY verify (what is checkY☒N ?)

Butan-2-ol, or sec-butanol, is an organic compound with formula CH3CH(OH)CH2CH3. Its structural isomers are 1-butanol, isobutanol, and tert-butanol. 2-Butanol is chiral and thus can be obtained as either of two stereoisomers designated as (R)-(−)-butan-2-ol and (S)-(+)-butan-2-ol. It is normally encountered as a 1:1 mixture of the two stereoisomers — a racemic mixture.

This secondary alcohol is a flammable, colorless liquid that is soluble in three parts water and completely miscible with organic solvents. It is produced on a large scale, primarily as a precursor to the industrial solvent methyl ethyl ketone.

(R)-(−)-2-butanol (S)-(+)-2-butanol
  1. ^ "Alcohols Rule C-201.1". Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry (The IUPAC 'Blue Book'), Sections A, B, C, D, E, F, and H. Oxford: Pergamon Press. 1979. Designations such as isopropanol, sec-butanol, and tert-butanol are incorrect because there are no hydrocarbons isopropane, sec-butane, and tert-butane to which the suffix "-ol" can be added; such names should be abandoned. Isopropyl alcohol, sec-butyl alcohol, and tert-butyl alcohol are, however, permissible (see Rule C-201.3) because the radicals isopropyl, sec-butyl, and tert-butyl do exist
  2. ^ "2-butanol - Compound Summary". PubChem Compound. USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information. 26 March 2005. Identification and Related Records. Retrieved 12 October 2011.
  3. ^ Alger, Donald B. (November 1991). "The water solubility of butan-2-ol: A widespread error". Journal of Chemical Education. 68 (11): 939. Bibcode:1991JChEd..68..939A. doi:10.1021/ed068p939.1.
  4. ^ Serjeant, E.P., Dempsey B.; Ionisation Constants of Organic Acids in Aqueous Solution. International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). IUPAC Chemical Data Series No. 23, 1979. New York, New York: Pergamon Press, Inc., p. 989
  5. ^ a b c d NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0077". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).