2.5D (visual perception)

For other uses, see 2.5D (disambiguation).
A 2.5d image

2.5D is an effect in visual perception. It is the construction of an apparently three-dimensional environment from 2D retinal projections.[1][2][3] While the result is technically 2D, it allows for the illusion of depth. It is easier for the eye to discern the distance between two items than the depth of a single object in the view field.[4] Computers can use 2.5D to make images of human faces look lifelike.[5]

Perception of the physical environment is limited because of visual and cognitive issues. The visual problem is the lack of objects in three-dimensional space to be imaged with the same projection, while the cognitive problem is that the perception of an object depends on the observer.[2] David Marr found that 2.5D has visual projection constraints that exist because "parts of images are always (deformed) discontinuities in luminance".[2] Therefore, in reality, the observer does not see all of the surroundings but constructs a viewer-centred three-dimensional view.

  1. ^ MacEachren, Alan M. (2008). "GVIS Facilitating Visual Thinking". How maps work : representation, visualization, and design. Guilford Press. pp. 355–458. ISBN 978-1-57230-040-8. OCLC 698536855.
  2. ^ a b c Watt, R.J. and B.J. Rogers. "Human Vision and Cognitive Science." In Cognitive Psychology Research Directions in Cognitive Science: European Perspectives Vol. 1, edited by Alan Baddeley and Niels Ole Bernsen, 10–12. East Sussex: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1989.
  3. ^ Wood, Jo; Kirschenbauer, Sabine; Dollner, Jurgen; Lopes, Adriano; Bodum, Lars (2005). "Using 3D in Visualization". Exploring geovisualization. International Cartographic Association/Elsevier. ISBN 0-08-044531-4. OCLC 988646788.
  4. ^ Read, JCA; Phillipson, GP; Serrano-Pedraza, I; Milner, AD; Parker, AJ (2010). "Stereoscopic Vision on the Absence of the Lateral Occipital Cortex". PLOS ONE. 5 (9): e12608. Bibcode:2010PLoSO...512608R. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0012608. PMC 2935377. PMID 20830303.
  5. ^ Kang, C.-Y.; Chen, Y.-S.; Hsu, W.-H. (1993). "Mapping a lifelike 2.5 D human face via an automatic approach". Proceedings of IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. IEEE Comput. Soc. Press. pp. 611–612. doi:10.1109/cvpr.1993.341061. ISBN 0-8186-3880-X. S2CID 10957251.