2001 insurgency in Macedonia

2001 insurgency in Macedonia
Part of the Yugoslav Wars
Clockwise from top left: Macedonian T-55 tank and crew in Aračinovo; A detachment of the Macedonian Special Police Unit for Fast Interventions near Kumanovo, Macedonian police border patrol near Raduša; 2001; Monument of the Defenders of Macedonia;
Date22 January 2001 – 13 August 2001
(6 months, 3 weeks and 1 day)
Location
Polog and Kumanovo regions of Macedonia
Result See aftermath
Belligerents
National Liberation Army
Albanian National Army[1]		 North Macedonia Republic of Macedonia
Commanders and leaders
Ali Ahmeti
Gëzim Ostreni
Xhezair Shaqiri
Avdil Jakupi
Jakup Asipi
Jetullah Qarri
Hajrulla Misini		 North Macedonia Boris Trajkovski
North Macedonia Pande Petrovski
North Macedonia Ljubčo Georgievski
North Macedonia Jovan Andrevski
North Macedonia Ljube Boškoski
North Macedonia Dosta Dimovska
North Macedonia Vlado Bučkovski
North Macedonia Ljuben Paunovski
Strength
North Macedonia 20,000 soldiers and policemen[2]
North Macedonia 60 T-55 tanks[3]
North Macedonia 4 Su-25 aircraft[4]
North Macedonia 4 Mi-24[5][6][7][8][9]
Casualties and losses
64–105 militants killed[10][11][12][13][14] North Macedonia 63–77 soldiers and policemen killed[15][13][16]
North Macedonia 3 tanks[17] and 2 APCs captured[18]
North Macedonia 1 tank and 1 APC destroyed[19]
North Macedonia 1 Mi-17 crashed

90 civilians killed 150–250 total dead and 1,000 total casualties[20]
70–250 killed in fighting[21]
Other:
140,000 people displaced[20]
United Kingdom One British soldier killed[22]

European Union Two EU monitors killed[23]

The 2001 insurgency in the Republic of Macedonia was an armed conflict which began when the ethnic Albanian National Liberation Army (NLA) insurgent group, formed from veterans of the Kosovo War and Insurgency in the Preševo Valley, attacked Macedonian security forces at the end of January 2001, and ended with the Ohrid Agreement, signed on 13 August of that same year. There were also claims that the NLA ultimately wished to see Albanian-majority areas secede from the country,[24] though high-ranking members of the group have denied this.[25] The conflict lasted throughout most of the year, although overall casualties remained limited to several dozen individuals on either side, according to sources from both sides of the conflict. With it, the Yugoslav Wars had reached the Republic of Macedonia which had achieved peaceful independence from Yugoslavia in 1991.

  1. ^ "Macedonia – defense: Buckovski: "Let tragedy be the beginning of the end of the war"". Relief.web. 10 August 2001. Retrieved 26 June 2022. "ANA" CLAIMS RESPONSIBILITY FOR KILLING OF TEN MACEDONIAN SOLDIERS Skopje, August 10 – A new armed group of ethnic Albanians on Thursday claimed responsibility for the killing of ten Macedonian army reservists in a highway ambush a day earlier. The "Albanian National Army" (AKSH) e-mailed a statement to several media in the region, on Albanian-language, saying a combined unit of its fighters and of the so-called National Liberation Army (NLA) carried the attack out "in revenge" for the killing of five NLA members by Macedonian security forces. .}}
  2. ^ "Svedostva 2001 | PDF". Scribd. Archived from the original on 23 January 2023. Retrieved 28 July 2023.
  3. ^ Petrovski, Pande. "Testimonials-2001.pdf" (PDF). Retrieved 4 September 2022. They sent the one tank along the way from the south to the north of the village and to the mosque. About 30 to 40 meters behind the tank they filled bags with sand and made shelters, in other words they built a check point. Then, because supposedly there were terrorists in the mosque, they started to act. in this action a police officer hit the tank with a weapon "zolia" – certainly not intentionally. The driver of the tank was wounded and the tank was set ablaze in front of the mosque
  4. ^ Gordon and Dawes 2004, p. 99.
  5. ^ Jeffries, Ian (16 May 2002). The Former Yugoslavia at the Turn of the Twenty-First Century: A Guide to the Economies in Transition. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-46050-2. 'Two Mi-24 helicopters flown by Ukrainian pilots ... blasted the hillside [above Tetovo] with rockets' The helicopters [were] a gift from Ukraine'
  6. ^ Petersen, Roger D. (30 September 2011). Western Intervention in the Balkans: The Strategic Use of Emotion in Conflict. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-139-50330-3.
  7. ^ "Історія однієї дружби. Як Україна боролася за єдність Північної Македонії". BBC News Україна (in Ukrainian). 7 February 2021. Retrieved 13 July 2023.
  8. ^ Михаил Жирохов, Александр Заблотский. Воздушная война в Югославии. Часть 3 // Уголок неба : авиационная энциклопедия. — 2004.
  9. ^ Cite error: The named reference Bugajski was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  10. ^ "2001/12/30 00:57 What Do the Casualties of War Amount to?". 26 April 2023. Archived from the original on 26 April 2023. Retrieved 2 September 2023.
  11. ^ "Dëshmorët e Ushtrisë Çlirimtare Kombëtare". tanusha2001. Archived from the original on 8 November 2017. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
  12. ^ "Ja kush janë dëshmorët e Luftës së Maqedonisë në vitin 2001, nga Maqedonia, Kosova e Shqipëria (Emrat) • LIDERI". 18 March 2021.
  13. ^ a b "20 Years On Armed Conflicts Endures In North Macedonia". balkaninsight.com. 1 January 2021.
  14. ^ Fatlum Akifi. "Поранешните војници на ОНА револтирани за својата состојба". ALSATM (in Macedonian). Archived from the original on 6 June 2016. Retrieved 23 June 2022. За време на конфликтот освен уништувањето на приватниот имот за време на војната загинаа околy 105 припадници на ОНА / In addition to the destruction of private property during the war, about 105 NLA members were killed during the conflict
  15. ^ "VEST – Macedonian daily newspaper". 8 August 2014. Archived from the original on 8 August 2014. Retrieved 25 February 2023.
  16. ^ "What Do the Casualties of War Amount to?". AIMS Press. 30 December 2001.
  17. ^ Phillips, John (25 June 2004). Macedonia: Warlords and Rebels in the Balkans. Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 978-0-85771-451-0. This was strange, as the tank was later one of three the NLA captured that would be handed over during the disarmament.
  18. ^ "British soldier killed in Macedonia". 27 August 2001.
  19. ^ "CNN.com – Battle for Tetovo rages – August 9, 2001". edition.cnn.com. Retrieved 17 July 2023.
  20. ^ a b Phillips, John (2004). Macedonia: Warlords And Rebels in the Balkans. Yale University Press. p. 161. ISBN 0-300-10268-2.
  21. ^ Uppsala Conflict Data Program, Macedonia, FYR: government (entire conflict), viewed 3 May 2013 Archived 5 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine
  22. ^ "CNN.com – UK soldier killed in Macedonia – August 27, 2001". edition.cnn.com. Retrieved 11 February 2024.
  23. ^ "EU monitors killed in Macedonia". The Guardian. 20 July 2001. Retrieved 19 October 2013.
  24. ^ "Macedonia's 'Liberation' Army". Zurich: World Press Review. 20 June 2001. Retrieved 18 April 2012.
  25. ^ "Who are the rebels?". BBC News. 20 March 2001.