21st-century Madagascar plague outbreaks

Madagascar has experienced several outbreaks of bubonic and pneumonic plague in the 21st century. In the outbreak beginning in 2014, 71 died;[1] in 2017, 202 died.[2] Smaller outbreaks occurred in January 2008 (18 deaths),[3] and December 2013.[4][5]

2014 Madagascar plague outbreak
Date31 August 2014 (2014-08-31)– 11 February 2015 (2015-02-11)
LocationMadagascar
CauseBubonic and pneumonic plague
Outcome263 confirmed cases
Deaths71 (27% fatality rate)
as of 11 February 2015
2017 Madagascar plague outbreak
Date27 August 2017 (2017-08-27) – early 2018
LocationMadagascar
CauseBubonic and pneumonic plague
Outcome2575 (suspected, probable, confirmed cases)
Deaths221 (8.6% case fatality rate)
as of 15 December 2017[6]
  1. ^ "WHO | Plague in Madagascar". WHO. Archived from the original on 14 February 2015. Retrieved 19 April 2020.
  2. ^ "WHO | Plague – Madagascar". WHO. Archived from the original on 28 November 2017. Retrieved 7 August 2020.
  3. ^ "Madagascar: eighteen dead from Bubonic Plague, five in hospital since 1 January 2008". Archived from the original on 9 May 2009.
  4. ^ Australian AFP news sources
  5. ^ "Bubonic plague outbreak kills 32 in Madagascar". Theguardian.com. Associated Press. 20 December 2013. Retrieved 10 October 2017.
  6. ^ "Weekly Bulletin on Outbreaks and Other Emergencies" (PDF). WHO Africa. Retrieved 23 January 2018.