| 34th Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry "Rock River Rifles" | |
|---|---|
 Illinois state flag | |
| Active | September 7, 1861, to September 16, 1865 |
| Country | United States |
| Allegiance | Union |
| Branch | Infantry |
| Engagements | Battle of Shiloh Battle of Perryville Battle of Stone's River Battle of Missionary Ridge Battle of Atlanta Battle of Jonesboro March to the Sea Battle of Bentonville |
The 34th Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry, known as the "Rock River Rifles," was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. The volunteers of this regiment came from northwestern Illinois, the valley of the Rock River; thus they mainly came from Whiteside, Lee, Ogle, and Carroll counties, but some came further south from Christian, Morgan, Randolph, and Edgar counties.
Edward N. Kirk, an attorney from Sterling in Whiteside County, raised the regiment and became its first Colonel when the regiment mustered in for three years service on September 7, 1861.