45th Canadian federal election

45th Canadian federal election

← 2021 On or before October 20, 2025 (2025-10-20)1 46th →
← outgoing members
343 seats in the House of Commons 172 seats needed for a majority
Opinion polls
Leader Justin Trudeau Pierre Poilievre Yves-François Blanchet Party Liberal Conservative Bloc Québécois Leader since April 14, 2013 September 10, 2022 January 17, 2019 Leader's seat Papineau Carleton Beloeil—Chambly Last election 160[b] seats, 32.62% 119 seats, 33.74% 32 seats, 7.64% Current seats 153 119 33 Seats needed 19 53 N/A[a]   Leader Jagmeet Singh Elizabeth May Maxime Bernier Party New Democratic Green People's Leader since October 1, 2017 November 19, 2022 September 14, 2018 Leader's seat Burnaby South Saanich—Gulf Islands N/A[c] Last election 25 seats, 17.82% 2 seats, 2.33% 0 seats, 4.94% Current seats 25 2 0 Seats needed 147 170 172
Incumbent Prime Minister Justin Trudeau Liberal

The 45th Canadian federal election will take place on or before October 20, 2025, to elect members of the House of Commons to the 45th Canadian Parliament. The date of the vote is determined by the fixed-date provisions of the Canada Elections Act, which requires federal elections to be held on the third Monday in October in the fourth calendar year after the polling day of the previous election, though a current government bill proposes to postpone the date to October 27, 2025 to avoid conflicting with Diwali.^[1] In addition to the statutory fixed election date provisions, Canada has a constitutional requirement specified in both section 50 of the Constitution Act, 1867 and section 4 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms that elections for the House of Commons must be called no more than five years after the writs for the preceding election are returned.

The election may occur before the scheduled date if the governor general dissolves Parliament on the recommendation of the prime minister for a snap election, or if the House of Commons passes a motion of no confidence in the government. Early elections are more likely to occur during minority governments because the prime minister does not control a majority in the House of Commons.^[2][3][4]

This will be the first election to use a new 343-seat electoral map based on the 2021 Canadian census. New electoral boundaries for each of the ten provinces were finalized between February 14 and July 8, 2023,^[5][6][7] and officially proclaimed on September 22, 2023.^[8] The previous 338-seat electoral map would have been used if the election had been called before April 23, 2024.^[9][8][10]

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