5-Fluorowillardiine

5-Fluorowillardiine
Skeletal formula of (2S)-5-fluorowillardiine
Names
Other names
2-Amino-3-(5-fluoro-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)propanoic acid
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
DrugBank
ECHA InfoCard 100.162.280 Edit this at Wikidata
UNII
  • InChI=1S/C7H8FN3O4/c8-3-1-11(2-4(9)6(13)14)7(15)10-5(3)12/h1,4H,2,9H2,(H,13,14)(H,10,12,15) checkY
    Key: DBWPFHJYSTVBCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  • InChI=1/C7H8FN3O4/c8-3-1-11(2-4(9)6(13)14)7(15)10-5(3)12/h1,4H,2,9H2,(H,13,14)(H,10,12,15)
    Key: DBWPFHJYSTVBCZ-UHFFFAOYAR
  • NC(CN1C=C(F)C(=O)N=C1O)C(O)=O
Properties
C7H8FN3O4
Molar mass 217.156 g·mol−1
log P -1.168
Acidity (pKa) 2.118
Basicity (pKb) 11.879
Isoelectric point 4.28
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
☒N verify (what is checkY☒N ?)

5-Fluorowillardiine is a selective agonist for the AMPA receptor,[1][2][3] with only limited effects at the kainate receptor.[4] It is an excitotoxic neurotoxin when used in vivo and so is rarely used in intact animals, but it is widely used to selectively stimulate AMPA receptors in vitro.[5][6][7] It is structurally similar to the compound willardiine, which is also an agonist for the AMPA and kainate receptors. Willardiine occurs naturally in Mariosousa willardiana and Acacia sensu lato.[8][9]

The name is unusual as it has two successive i's. This is not a typo.

  1. ^ Patneau, DK; Mayer, ML; Jane, DE; Watkins, JC (1992). "Activation and Desensitization of AMPA / Kainate Receptors by Novel Derivatives of Willardiine". Journal of Neuroscience. 12 (2): 595–606. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.12-02-00595.1992. PMC 6575614. PMID 1371315.
  2. ^ Hawkins, LM; Beaver, KM; Jane, DE; Taylor, PM; Sunter, DC; Roberts, PJ (1995). "Characterization of the pharmacology and regional distribution of (S)-3H-5-fluorowillardiine binding in rat brain". British Journal of Pharmacology. 116 (3): 2033–9. doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1995.tb16408.x. PMC 1908955. PMID 8640342.
  3. ^ Lunn, ML; Ganakas, AM; Mercer, LD; Lawrence, AJ; Beart, PM (1996). "Localisation and properties of AMPA-insensitive kainate sites: receptor autoradiography and gene expression in rat brain". Neuroscience Letters. 204 (1–2): 121–4. doi:10.1016/0304-3940(96)12335-1. PMID 8929993. S2CID 36885666.
  4. ^ Larm, JA; Cheung, NS; Beart, PM (1996). "(S)-5-fluorowillardiine-mediated neurotoxicity in cultured murine cortical neurones occurs via AMPA and kainate receptors". European Journal of Pharmacology. 314 (1–2): 249–54. doi:10.1016/S0014-2999(96)00633-4. PMID 8957243.
  5. ^ Jensen, RJ (1999). "Responses of directionally selective retinal ganglion cells to activation of AMPA glutamate receptors". Visual Neuroscience. 16 (2): 205–19. doi:10.1017/s0952523899162023. PMID 10367956. S2CID 42955027.
  6. ^ Olivera, S; Rodriguez-Ithurralde, D; Henley, JM (2001). "Regional localization and developmental profile of acetylcholinesterase-evoked increases in 3H-5-fluorowillardiine binding to AMPA receptors in rat brain". British Journal of Pharmacology. 133 (7): 1055–62. doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0704167. PMC 1572873. PMID 11487516.
  7. ^ Kessler, M; Arai, AC (2006). "Use of 3H fluorowillardiine to study properties of AMPA receptor allosteric modulators". Brain Research. 1076 (1): 25–41. doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2005.09.024. PMID 16256076. S2CID 28267484.
  8. ^ Klaassen, C. D.; John Barr Watkins (2010). "Toxic Agents" (PDF). Casarett and Doull's essentials of toxicology. USA: McGraw-Hill Prof Med/Tech. p. 374. ISBN 978-0-07-176651-7.
  9. ^ Atta-ur- Rahman (2000). "Interference of Alkaloids" (PDF). Bioactive Natural Products (Part B), Part 2. Amsterdam: Alsevier Science B. V. p. 72. ISBN 9780080542010.