5-HT receptor

The 5-HT1B receptor as an example of a metabotropic serotonin receptor. Its crystallographic structure in ribbon representation

5-HT receptors, 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors, or serotonin receptors, are a group of G protein-coupled receptor and ligand-gated ion channels found in the central and peripheral nervous systems.[1][2][3] They mediate both excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission. The serotonin (i.e., 5-hydroxytryptamine, hence "5-HT") receptors are activated by the neurotransmitter serotonin, which acts as their natural ligand.

The serotonin receptors modulate the release of many neurotransmitters, including glutamate, GABA, dopamine, epinephrine / norepinephrine, and acetylcholine, as well as many hormones, including oxytocin, prolactin, vasopressin, cortisol, corticotropin, and substance P, among others. Serotonin receptors influence various biological and neurological processes such as aggression, anxiety, appetite, cognition, learning, memory, mood, nausea, sleep, and thermoregulation. They are the target of a variety of pharmaceutical and recreational drugs, including many antidepressants, antipsychotics, anorectics, antiemetics, gastroprokinetic agents, antimigraine agents, hallucinogens, and entactogens.[4]

Serotonin receptors are found in almost all animals and are even known to regulate longevity and behavioral aging in the primitive nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans.[5][6]

  1. ^ Hoyer D, Clarke DE, Fozard JR, Hartig PR, Martin GR, Mylecharane EJ, et al. (June 1994). "International Union of Pharmacology classification of receptors for 5-hydroxytryptamine (Serotonin)". Pharmacological Reviews. 46 (2): 157–203. PMID 7938165.
  2. ^ Frazer A, Hensler JG (1999). "Chapter 13: Serotonin Receptors". In Siegel GJ, Agranoff BW, Albers RW, Fisher SK, Uhler MD (eds.). Basic Neurochemistry: MolecularCellular, and Medical Aspects. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven. pp. 263–292. ISBN 978-0-397-51820-3.
  3. ^ Beliveau V, Ganz M, Feng L, Ozenne B, Højgaard L, Fisher PM, et al. (January 2017). "A High-Resolution In Vivo Atlas of the Human Brain's Serotonin System". The Journal of Neuroscience. 37 (1): 120–128. doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2830-16.2016. PMC 5214625. PMID 28053035.
  4. ^ Nichols DE, Nichols CD (May 2008). "Serotonin receptors". Chemical Reviews. 108 (5): 1614–1641. doi:10.1021/cr078224o. PMID 18476671.
  5. ^ Murakami H, Murakami S (August 2007). "Serotonin receptors antagonistically modulate Caenorhabditis elegans longevity". Aging Cell. 6 (4): 483–488. doi:10.1111/j.1474-9726.2007.00303.x. PMID 17559503. S2CID 8345654.
  6. ^ Murakami H, Bessinger K, Hellmann J, Murakami S (July 2008). "Manipulation of serotonin signal suppresses early phase of behavioral aging in Caenorhabditis elegans". Neurobiology of Aging. 29 (7): 1093–1100. doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2007.01.013. PMID 17336425. S2CID 37671716.