ADH5

ADH5
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	1M6H, 1M6W, 1MA0, 1MC5, 1MP0, 1TEH, 2FZE, 2FZW, 3QJ5
Identifiers
Aliases	ADH5, ADH-3, ADHX, FALDH, FDH, GSH-FDH, GSNOR, HEL-S-60p, alcohol dehydrogenase 5 (class III), chi polypeptide, BMFS7, AMEDS
External IDs	OMIM: 103710; MGI: 87929; HomoloGene: 68076; GeneCards: ADH5; OMA:ADH5 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 4 (human)
End	99,088,801 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 3 (mouse)
End	138,161,260 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	gastric mucosa; ; Descending thoracic aorta; ; stromal cell of endometrium; ; kidney tubule; ; corpus epididymis; ; ascending aorta; ; Achilles tendon; ; popliteal artery; ; tibial arteries; ; ventricular zone;
	Top expressed in
	primitive streak; ; left lobe of liver; ; Gonadal ridge; ; endocardial cushion; ; medullary collecting duct; ; ureter; ; medial ganglionic eminence; ; vas deferens; ; olfactory epithelium; ; atrioventricular valve;
	More reference expression data
	n/a
Gene ontology
Molecular function	protein homodimerization activity; zinc ion binding; metal ion binding; fatty acid binding; formaldehyde dehydrogenase activity; electron transfer activity; oxidoreductase activity; S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione dehydrogenase activity; alcohol dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity; alcohol dehydrogenase activity, zinc-dependent;
Cellular component	cytoplasm; cytosol; mitochondrion; extracellular exosome;
Biological process	respiratory system process; retinoid metabolic process; response to redox state; positive regulation of blood pressure; response to lipopolysaccharide; peptidyl-cysteine S-nitrosylation; response to nitrosative stress; formaldehyde catabolic process; ethanol oxidation; electron transport chain;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	128
	11532
	ENSG00000197894
	ENSMUSG00000028138
	P11766
	P28474
	NM_000671
	NM_001288578; NM_007410
	NP_000662
	NP_001275507; NP_031436
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Alcohol dehydrogenase class-3 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ADH5 gene.^[5]^[6]^[7]

This gene encodes glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase or the class III alcohol dehydrogenase chi subunit, which is a member of the alcohol dehydrogenase family. Members of this family metabolize a wide variety of substrates, including ethanol, retinol, other aliphatic alcohols, hydroxysteroids, and lipid peroxidation products. Class III alcohol dehydrogenase is a homodimer composed of 2 chi subunits. It has virtually no activity for ethanol oxidation, but exhibits high activity for oxidation of long-chain primary alcohols and for oxidation of S-hydroxymethyl-glutathione, a spontaneous adduct between formaldehyde and glutathione.

This enzyme is an important component of cellular metabolism for the elimination of formaldehyde, a potent irritant and sensitizing agent that causes lacrymation, rhinitis, pharyngitis, and contact dermatitis.^[7]

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000197894 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000028138 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Hur MW, Edenberg HJ (Dec 1992). "Cloning and characterization of the ADH5 gene encoding human alcohol dehydrogenase 5, formaldehyde dehydrogenase". Gene. 121 (2): 305–11. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(92)90135-C. PMID 1446828.
^ Adinolfi A, Adinolfi M, Hopkinson DA (May 1984). "Immunological and biochemical characterization of the human alcohol dehydrogenase chi-ADH isozyme". Ann Hum Genet. 48 (Pt 1): 1–10. doi:10.1111/j.1469-1809.1984.tb00828.x. PMID 6424546. S2CID 85113864.
^ ^a ^b "Entrez Gene: ADH5 alcohol dehydrogenase 5 (class III), chi polypeptide".

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000197894 – Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000028138 – Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid1446828-5] Hur MW, Edenberg HJ (Dec 1992). "Cloning and characterization of the ADH5 gene encoding human alcohol dehydrogenase 5, formaldehyde dehydrogenase". Gene. 121 (2): 305–11. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(92)90135-C. PMID 1446828.

[pmid6424546-6] Adinolfi A, Adinolfi M, Hopkinson DA (May 1984). "Immunological and biochemical characterization of the human alcohol dehydrogenase chi-ADH isozyme". Ann Hum Genet. 48 (Pt 1): 1–10. doi:10.1111/j.1469-1809.1984.tb00828.x. PMID 6424546. S2CID 85113864.

[entrez-7] "Entrez Gene: ADH5 alcohol dehydrogenase 5 (class III), chi polypeptide".

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