| Abies nordmanniana | |
|---|---|
| |
| Nordmann firs in Dombay, Karachay-Cherkessia, Caucasus | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Gymnospermae |
| Division: | Pinophyta |
| Class: | Pinopsida |
| Order: | Pinales |
| Family: | Pinaceae |
| Genus: | Abies |
| Species: | A. nordmanniana
|
| Binomial name | |
| Abies nordmanniana (Steven) Spach
| |
| |
| Natural range of A. nordmanniana. Distribution of subspecies A. n. nordmanniana and A. n. bornmuelleriana is in green, and that of A. n. equi-trojani is in brown. | |
Abies nordmanniana, the Nordmann fir or Caucasian fir,[2] is a fir indigenous to the mountains south and east of the Black Sea, in Turkey, Georgia and the Russian Caucasus. It occurs at altitudes of 900–2,200 m on mountains with precipitation of over 1,000 mm.
The current distribution of the Nordmann fir is associated with the forest refugia that existed during the Ice Age at the eastern and southern Black Sea coast. In spite of currently suitable climate, the species is not found in areas of the Eastern Greater Caucasus, which are separated from the Black Sea Coast by more than 400–500 km.[3]
- ^ Knees, S.; Gardner, M. (2011). "Abies nordmanniana". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2011: e.T42293A10679078. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2011-2.RLTS.T42293A10679078.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
- ^ BSBI List 2007 (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
- ^ Tarkhnishvili D, Gavashelishvili A, Mumladze L (2012). "Palaeoclimatic models help to understand current distribution of Caucasian forest species". Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 105 (105): 231–248. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8312.2011.01788.x.