Academy professor

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In some countries, an academy professor is a scientist appointed to function as professor and/or conferred to the official professor rank by the academy of sciences of that country, rather than by any university establishment.

Such scientists are seen to exceed the ordinary university professors in research qualification and are elected on a competitive basis.^[1] The academy professors have an employment relationship with the organizations where their research posts are located. Such academy professors exist in Finland, Russia and Kazakhstan. Some academies, such as the Chinese Academy of Sciences, may also award the honorary academy professor titles.^[2]