Enzyme that regulates the metabolism of fatty acids
Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) is a biotin-dependent enzyme (EC 6.4.1.2) that catalyzes the irreversible carboxylation of acetyl-CoA to produce malonyl-CoA through its two catalytic activities, biotin carboxylase (BC) and carboxyltransferase (CT). ACC is a multi-subunit enzyme in most prokaryotes and in the chloroplasts of most plants and algae, whereas it is a large, multi-domain enzyme in the cytoplasm of most eukaryotes. The most important function of ACC is to provide the malonyl-CoA substrate for the biosynthesis of fatty acids.[1] The activity of ACC can be controlled at the transcriptional level as well as by small molecule modulators and covalent modification. The human genome contains the genes for two different ACCs[2]—ACACA[3] and ACACB.[4]
- ^ Tong L (August 2005). "Acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase: crucial metabolic enzyme and attractive target for drug discovery". Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences. 62 (16): 1784–1803. doi:10.1007/s00018-005-5121-4. PMC 11139103. PMID 15968460. S2CID 1131957.
- ^ Brownsey RW, Zhande R, Boone AN (November 1997). "Isoforms of acetyl-CoA carboxylase: structures, regulatory properties and metabolic functions". Biochemical Society Transactions. 25 (4): 1232–1238. doi:10.1042/bst0251232. PMID 9449982.
- ^ Abu-Elheiga L, Jayakumar A, Baldini A, Chirala SS, Wakil SJ (April 1995). "Human acetyl-CoA carboxylase: characterization, molecular cloning, and evidence for two isoforms". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 92 (9): 4011–4015. Bibcode:1995PNAS...92.4011A. doi:10.1073/pnas.92.9.4011. PMC 42092. PMID 7732023.
- ^ Widmer J, Fassihi KS, Schlichter SC, Wheeler KS, Crute BE, King N, et al. (June 1996). "Identification of a second human acetyl-CoA carboxylase gene". The Biochemical Journal. 316 (Pt 3): 915–922. doi:10.1042/bj3160915. PMC 1217437. PMID 8670171.
