Action Party (Italy)

Not to be confused with the Action Party (Italy, 1853) or Action (Italian political party)
Action Party
Partito d'Azione
PresidentCarlo Rosselli
(1929–1937)
Emilio Lussu
(1937–1943)
Ferruccio Parri
(1943–1945)
Ugo La Malfa
(1945–1946)
Ernesto Rossi
(1946–1947)
Founder(s)Carlo Rosselli
Gaetano Salvemini
Founded1 July 1929; 95 years ago (1929-07-01) (as Justice and Freedom)
14 June 1942; 82 years ago (1942-06-14) (as the Action Party)
Dissolved25 April 1947; 77 years ago (1947-04-25)
Merged intoItalian Socialist Party (majority)
Italian Republican Party (minority)
NewspaperL'Italia Libera
Armed wingGiustizia e Libertà
IdeologyLiberal socialism[1][2]
Social liberalism[3]
Radicalism[4]
Anti-fascism
Republicanism
Political positionCentre-left[3][5]
National affiliationNational Liberation Committee
Colours  Green

The Action Party (Italian: Partito d'Azione, PdA) was a liberal-socialist political party in Italy.[1][6] The party was anti-fascist[7] and republican.[8] Its prominent leaders were Carlo Rosselli, Ferruccio Parri, Emilio Lussu and Ugo La Malfa. Other prominent members included Leone Ginzburg,[6] Ernesto de Martino, Norberto Bobbio, Riccardo Lombardi, Vittorio Foa and the Nobel-winning poet Eugenio Montale.[9][10]

  1. ^ a b Steve Bastow; James Martin (2003). Third Way Discourse: European Ideologies in the Twentieth Century. Edinburgh, Scotland, UK: Edinburgh University Press, Ltd. p. 74.
  2. ^ Bernard A. Cook, ed. (2001). "Italy". Europe Since 1945: An Encyclopedia. Routledge. p. 671. ISBN 978-1-135-17932-8.
  3. ^ a b Ercolessi, Giulio (2009), "Italy: The Contemporary Condition of Italian Laicità", Secularism, Women & the State: The Mediterranean World in the 21st Century, Institute for the Study of Secularism in Society and Culture, p. 13
  4. ^ Lawson, Kay; Merkl, Peter H. (2014). "New Politics, Old Politics". When Parties Fail: Emerging Alternative Organizations. Princeton University Press. p. 112. ISBN 9781400859498.
  5. ^ Glenda Sluga (2001). The Problem of Trieste and the Italo-Yugoslav Border: Difference, Identity, and Sovereignty in Twentieth-Century Europe. SUNY Press. p. 76. ISBN 978-0-7914-4824-3.
  6. ^ a b David Ward (2000). "Natalia Ginzberg's early writings in L'Italia Libera". In Angela M. Jeannet; Giuliana Sanguinetti Katz; Giuliana Katz (eds.). Natalia Ginzburg. University of Toronto Press. p. 46. ISBN 978-0-8020-4722-9.
  7. ^ Carlo Testa (2002). Italian Cinema and Modern European Literatures, 1945-2000. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 1. ISBN 978-0-275-97522-7.
  8. ^ Susanna Mancini (2012). "From the struggle for suffrage to the construction of a fragile gender citizenship: Italy 1861–2009". In Blanca Rodríguez-Ruiz; Ruth Rubio-Marín (eds.). The Struggle for Female Suffrage in Europe: Voting to Become Citizens. BRILL. p. 373. ISBN 978-90-04-22991-4.
  9. ^ Phil Edwards (2009). "More Work! Less Pay!": Rebellion and Repression in Italy, 1972-77. Oxford University Press. p. 35. ISBN 978-0-7190-7873-6.
  10. ^ Cambon, Glauco (2014). Eugenio Montale's Poetry: A Dream in Reason's Presence. Princeton University Press. p. 189.