Activation-induced cytidine deaminase, also known as AICDA, AID and single-stranded DNA cytosine deaminase, is a 24 kDa enzyme which in humans is encoded by the AICDA gene.[5] It creates mutations in DNA[6][7] by deamination of cytosine base, which turns it into uracil (which is recognized as a thymine). In other words, it changes a C:G base pair into a U:G mismatch. The cell's DNA replication machinery recognizes the U as a T, and hence C:G is converted to a T:A base pair. During germinal center development of B lymphocytes, error-prone DNA repair following AID action also generates other types of mutations, such as C:G to A:T. AID is a member of the APOBEC family.
In B cells in the lymph nodes, AID causes mutations that produce antibody diversity, but that same mutation process can also lead to B cell lymphoma.[8]
- ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000111732 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000040627 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "Entrez Gene: AICDA activation-induced cytidine deaminase".
- ^ Petersen-Mahrt, Svend K.; Harris, Reuben S.; Neuberger, Michael S. (2002-07-04). "AID mutates E. coli suggesting a DNA deamination mechanism for antibody diversification". Nature. 418 (6893): 99–103. Bibcode:2002Natur.418...99P. doi:10.1038/nature00862. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 12097915. S2CID 4388160.
- ^ "Q9GZX7 (AICDA_HUMAN)". Retrieved 26 January 2013.
- ^ Lenz G, Staudt LM (2010). "Aggressive Lymphomas". N Engl J Med. 362 (15): 1417–29. doi:10.1056/NEJMra0807082. PMC 7316377. PMID 20393178.