The Canadian province of Nova Scotia is divided into 49 municipalities, of which there are three types: regional (4), town (25), and county or district municipality (20).[1]
A municipality's purposes is to provide services[2] such as drinking water, planning, recreation, and fire protection.[3]
Demographics have been a catalyst of change, with population growth occurring only in Halifax and Hants, and the viability of depopulated areas threatened.[4] Since 1995 about 15 municipalities have been dissolved and their territory merged with larger municipalities.[5]
The Constitution of Canada gives provinces exclusive jurisdiction over municipalities[6] and in Nova Scotia these are defined by the Municipal Government Act.[2]
Areas outside of standard municipal jurisdiction include Canadian Armed Forces military bases, Indian reserves, national parks, provincial parks, and national wildlife areas.