| Agkistrodon howardgloydi | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Reptilia |
| Order: | Squamata |
| Suborder: | Serpentes |
| Family: | Viperidae |
| Genus: | Agkistrodon |
| Species: | A. howardgloydi
|
| Binomial name | |
| Agkistrodon howardgloydi | |
| Synonyms[2] | |
| |
Agkistrodon howardgloydi is a species of venomous snake, a pit viper in the subfamily Crotalinae of the family Viperidae. The species is endemic to Central America. It is most commonly called castellana,[3]: 135 p. [4]: 87 p. [5]: 718 p. but it has also been called the southern cantil,[6]: 60 p. Gloyd's moccasin,[2] and a number of other colloquial names. It is a rare species with a relatively small geographic distribution in the tropical dry forest on the Pacific coast of Honduras, Nicaragua, and extreme northwest Costa Rica.[6]: 62 p. A. howardgloydi is a stout, medium-sized snake with a maximum total length (including tail) of 96 cm (38 in). It is a viviparous species, with females giving birth in the rainy season from May to August.[4]: 91 p. [7]: 249–265 p. No clinical reports on envenomation had been published (as of 1999), but laboratory texts and analysis indicate the venom is highly toxic and similar to its close relative Agkistrodon bilineatus, and potentially lethal.[8]: 482 p.
- ^ McDiarmid RW, Campbell JA, Touré TA (1999). Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, Volume 1. Washington, District of Columbia: Herpetologists' League. 511 pp. ISBN 1-893777-00-6 (series). ISBN 1-893777-01-4 (volume).
- ^ a b Reptile Database, Agkistrodon howardgloydi (accessed 1 July 2021)
- ^ Conant, R. (1984). "A new subspecies of the pit viper Agkistrodon bilineatus (Reptilia: Viperidae) from Central America". Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 97: 135-141.
- ^ a b Gloyd, H.K.; Conant, R. (1990). Snakes of the Agkistrodon Complex: A Monographic Review. Contributions in Herpetology Number 6. Ithaca, New York: Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles (SSAR). ISBN 0-916984-20-6
- ^ Savage, J.M. (2002). The Amphibians and Reptiles of Costa Rica, A Herpetofauna between Two Continents, between Two Seas. Chicago, Illinois: University of Chicago Press. xx + 934 pp. ISBN 0-226-73537-0
- ^ a b Porras, L.W.; Wilson, L.D.; Schuett, G.W.; Reiserer, R.S. (2013). "A taxonomic reevaluation and conservation assessment of the common cantil, Agkistrodon bilineatus (Squamata: Viperidae): a race against time". Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 7 (1): 48–73.
- ^ Campbell, J.A.; Lamar, W.W. (2004). The Venomous Reptiles of the Western Hemisphere (Vol. I & II). Ithaca, New York: Comstock Publishing Associates, a Division of Cornell University Press. ISBN 0-8014-4141-2
- ^ Solórzano, Alejandro; Romero, Marjorie; Gutierrez, José Maria; Sasa, Mahmood (1999). "Venom composition and diet of the cantil Agkistrodon bilineatus howardgloydi (Serpentes: Viperidae)". Southwestern Naturalist 44 (4): 478-483.