 | This article includes a list of references, related reading, or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. (November 2018) |
Ahmad Izzat Pasha al-Abid | |
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| Mabeyn-i hümayun ikinci katibi | |
| Monarch | Abdulhamid II |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Ahmad Izzat bin Hawlu al-Abid 1851 Damascus, Ottoman Empire |
| Died | 1924 (aged 72–73) Cairo, Kingdom of Egypt |
Ahmad Izzat Pasha bin Hawlu Pasha al-Abid (Arabic: أحمد عزت باشا بن هولو باشا العابد, romanized: Aḥmad ʻIzzat Bāshā bin Hawlū Bāshā al-ʻĀbid; Turkish: Holo[a] Paşa'nın oğlu Ahmed İzzet Paşa el-Abid or Abidzade Ahmed İzzet Paşa;[1] 1851–1924), nicknamed Izzat Pasha the Arab[2] (Turkish: Arap İzzet Paşa), was a Syrian entrepreneur who became Second Secretary and confidant of Ottoman Sultan Abdulhamid II. He is considered to have been "one of the most powerful" statesmen during the last decade of Abdulhamid's rule.[3]
Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).
- ^ Dünden bugüne İstanbul ansiklopedisi (in Turkish). Vol. 7. 1993. p. 393.
- ^ Osmanoğlu, Ayşe (1991). Avec mon père le sultan Abdulhamid (in French). Editions L'Harmattan. p. 34. ISBN 9782296241763.
- ^ Hahn, Steven Michael (1998). The Roots of Turkish Nationalism.