al-Husayn ibn Mansur al-Hallāj | |
|---|---|
منصور حلاج | |
 The execution of Mansur al-Hallaj (manuscript illustration from Mughal Empire, c. 1600)[1] | |
| Personal | |
| Born | c. 858 CE |
| Died | 26 March 922 (aged 63–64) CE[4] |
| Religion | Islam |
| Era | Abbasid |
| Creed | Sunni[2][3] |
| Muslim leader | |
Influenced by | |
Influenced | |
| Part of a series on Islam Sufism |
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Mansour al-Hallaj (Arabic: ابو المغيث الحسين بن منصور الحلاج, romanized: Abū 'l-Muġīth al-Ḥusayn ibn Manṣūr al-Ḥallāj) or Mansour Hallaj (Persian: منصور حلاج, romanized: Mansūr-e Hallāj) (c. 858 – 26 March 922) (Hijri c. 244 AH – 309 AH) was a Persian mystic, poet, and teacher of Sufism.[5][6][7] He is best known for his saying: "I am the Truth" (Ana'l-Ḥaqq), which many saw as a claim to divinity, while others interpreted it as an instance of annihilation of the ego, allowing God to speak through him. Al-Hallaj gained a wide following as a preacher before he became implicated in power struggles of the Abbasid court and was executed after a long period of confinement on religious and political charges. Although most of his Sufi contemporaries disapproved of his actions, Hallaj later became a major figure in the Sufi tradition.[8]
- ^ "The Walters Art Museum. The Hanging of Mansur al-Hallaj, from a manuscript of Diwan of Amir Khusrow, a.k.a. Hasan Dihlavi". Archived from the original on December 23, 2015. Retrieved December 23, 2015.
- ^ Gavin D'Costa (2014). Vatican II: Catholic Doctrines on Jews and Muslims. Oxford University Press. p. 186. ISBN 9780199659272.
...focused on the Sunni mystic al-Hallaj...
- ^ EB (2002). "al-Hallaj, Hazrat Abu Mughith Al-Hussain Bin Mansour (858-922)". In Hanif, N. (ed.). Biographical Encyclopaedia of Sufis: Central Asia and Middle East. New Delhi: Sarup & Sons. pp. 187–197, at p. 188. ISBN 9788176252669.
Al Hallaj, in fact, remained always a Sunni, with a strong leaning towards hard asceticism in observing the Ramadan fasts...
[better source needed] - ^ Britannica Ready Reference Encyclopedia. Vol. 4. p. 249. ISBN 81-8131-098-5.
- ^ Irwin, Robert, ed. (2010). The new Cambridge history of Islam, Volume 4 (1. publ. ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 47. ISBN 978-0-521-83824-5.
Perhaps the most controversial Su! was the Persian mystic al-Hallaj (d. 309/922).
- ^ John Arthur Garraty, Peter Gay, The Columbia History of the World, Harper & Row, 1981, page 288, ISBN 0-88029-004-8
- ^ Mojaddedi 2012
- ^ Fiegenbaum, J. W. (July 20, 1998). "Al-Ḥallāj: Islamic mystic: Abū al-Mughīth al-Ḥusayn ibn Manṣūr al-Ḥallāj". Encyclopædia Britannica (online ed.). Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. Retrieved December 8, 2020.