Aldosterone synthase, also called steroid 18-hydroxylase, corticosterone 18-monooxygenase or P450C18, is a steroid hydroxylase cytochrome P450 enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of the mineralocorticoid aldosterone and other steroids. The enzyme catalyzes sequential hydroxylations of the steroid angular methyl group at C18 after initial 11β-hydroxylation (the enzyme has steroid 18-hydroxylase activity as well as steroid 11 beta-hydroxylase activity). It is encoded by the CYP11B2 gene in humans.
Aldosterone synthase is a protein which is only expressed in the zona glomerulosa[5] of the adrenal cortex and is primarily regulated by the renin–angiotensin system.[6] It is the sole enzyme capable of synthesizing aldosterone in humans and plays an important role in electrolyte balance and blood pressure.[7]
- ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000179142 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000075604 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ Bassett MH, White PC, Rainey WE (March 2004). "The regulation of aldosterone synthase expression". Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology. 217 (1–2): 67–74. doi:10.1016/j.mce.2003.10.011. PMID 15134803. S2CID 43133280.
- ^ Peter M, Dubuis JM, Sippell WG (1999). "Disorders of the aldosterone synthase and steroid 11beta-hydroxylase deficiencies". Hormone Research. 51 (5): 211–22. doi:10.1159/000023374 (inactive 1 November 2024). PMID 10559665. S2CID 24182379.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024 (link) - ^ Strushkevich N, Gilep AA, Shen L, Arrowsmith CH, Edwards AM, Usanov SA, Park HW (February 2013). "Structural insights into aldosterone synthase substrate specificity and targeted inhibition". Molecular Endocrinology. 27 (2): 315–24. doi:10.1210/me.2012-1287. PMC 5417327. PMID 23322723.