Alexander Ginzburg

This article is about the journalist. For the Russian bard, see Alexander Galich (writer). For the film director, see Aleksandr Gintsburg. For the microbiologist, see Alexander Gintsburg.
In this name that follows Eastern Slavic naming customs, the patronymic is Ilyich and the family name is Ginzburg.
Alexander Ilyich Ginzburg
Александр Ильич Гинзбург
Ginzburg at the Sakharov tribunal in The Hague on 4 September 1980
Born(1936-11-21)21 November 1936
Moscow, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union
Died19 July 2002(2002-07-19) (aged 65)
Paris, France
NationalityRussian
Citizenship Soviet Union (1936–1991) →  Russian Federation (1991–2002)
Alma materMoscow State Historico-Archival Institute
Occupation(s)human right activist, journalist
Known forhuman rights activism with participation in the Moscow Helsinki Group, cofounding Sintaksis and Phoenix
Notable workThe White Book, The Trial of the Four
Movementdissident movement in the Soviet Union
SpouseArina Sergeevna Zholkovskaya-Ginzburg
Childrentwo sons: Alexander and Alexey

Alexander "Alik" Ilyich Ginzburg (Russian: Алекса́ндр Ильи́ч Ги́нзбург, IPA: [ɐlʲɪkˈsandr ɨˈlʲjidʑ ˈɡʲinzbʊrk] ⓘ; 21 November 1936 – 19 July 2002), was a Russian journalist, poet, human rights activist and dissident. Between 1961 and 1969 he was sentenced three times to labor camps. In 1979, Ginzburg was released and expelled to the United States, along with four other political prisoners (Eduard Kuznetsov, Mark Dymshits, Valentin Moroz, and Georgy Vins) and their families, as part of a prisoner exchange.