Alfons Leonovich Shanyavsky (Russian: Альфонс Леонович Шанявский; 21 February 1837 – 20 November 1905) was a Russian officer of Polish noble origins who became a gold mining business owner and later philanthropist who helped establish the Moscow City People's University which ran from 1908 to 1920 when it was merged into the Russian State University for the Humanities.