Alpha-adrenergic agonist

Alpha adrenergic agonist
Drug class
Phenylephrine
Skeletal structor formula of phenylephrine, a common nasal decongestant
Class identifiers
UseDecongestant, Hypotension, Bradycardia, Hypothermia etc.
ATC codeN07
Biological targetAlpha adrenergic receptors of the α subtype
External links
MeSHD000316
Legal status
In Wikidata

Alpha-adrenergic agonists are a class of sympathomimetic agents that selectively stimulates alpha adrenergic receptors. The alpha-adrenergic receptor has two subclasses α1 and α2. Alpha 2 receptors are associated with sympatholytic properties. Alpha-adrenergic agonists have the opposite function of alpha blockers. Alpha adrenoreceptor ligands mimic the action of epinephrine and norepinephrine signaling in the heart, smooth muscle and central nervous system, with norepinephrine being the highest affinity. The activation of α1 stimulates the membrane bound enzyme phospholipase C, and activation of α2 inhibits the enzyme adenylate cyclase. Inactivation of adenylate cyclase in turn leads to the inactivation of the secondary messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate and induces smooth muscle and blood vessel constriction.