Amien Rais

Amien Rais
Amien Rais's 2004 president candidate portrait
10th Speaker of the People's Consultative Assembly
In office
3 October 1999 – 30 September 2004
Preceded byHarmoko
Succeeded byHidayat Nur Wahid
1st Leader of National Mandate Party
In office
23 June 1998 – 9 April 2005
Preceded byOffice established
Succeeded bySoetrisno Bachir
12th Leader of Muhammadiyah
In office
28 June 1995 – 26 April 1998
Preceded byAhmad Azhar Basyir
Succeeded byAhmad Syafi'i Maarif
Personal details
Born
Muhammad Amien Rais

(1944-04-26) 26 April 1944 (age 80)
Surakarta, Japanese East Indies
Political partyUmmah
Other political
affiliations
PAN (1998–2020)
SpouseKusnasriyati Sri Rahayu
Children
Alma mater
Signature

Muhammad Amien Rais (born 26 April 1944) is an Indonesian politician.[1][2] He was one of the leaders of the reform movement that forced the resignation of President Suharto in 1998.[3][4] Amien Rais was the leader of Muhammadiyah, one of the two biggest Muslim organizations in Indonesia, from 1995 to 2000. He was the Chairman of the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR) from 1999 to 2004. During his chairmanship, the MPR passed a series of amendments to the Constitution of Indonesia. These amendments, among other things, established direct presidential elections, a presidential term limit (two terms), and the Constitutional Court.[5]

  1. ^ "Amien Rais prepares new party amid PAN internal rift". The Jakarta Post. Retrieved 16 June 2020.
  2. ^ "Parpol Islam Terbesar Era Soekarno Dekati Amien Rais, Mau Menyatu dengan 'Saudara' PAN". Warta Ekonomi (in Indonesian). 15 June 2020. Retrieved 16 June 2020.
  3. ^ Eklof, Stefan (2 June 2004). Power and Political Culture in Suharto's Indonesia: The Indonesian Democratic Party (PDI) and the Decline of the New Order (1986–98). Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-30368-6.
  4. ^ Vatikiotis, Michael R. J. (1998). Indonesian Politics Under Suharto: The Rise and Fall of the New Order. Psychology Press. ISBN 978-0-415-20501-6.
  5. ^ Mydans, Seth (20 October 1999). "Stung by Debate, Indonesian Leader Ends Election Bid". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 16 June 2020.